A new blunervirus infects tomato crops in Italy and Australia
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A new blunervirus infects tomato crops in Italy and Australia M. Ciuffo3 · W. M. Kinoti1 · A. Tiberini2 · M. Forgia3 · L. Tomassoli2 · F. E. Constable1 · M. Turina3 Received: 8 June 2020 / Accepted: 7 July 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Austria, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract In this study, we determined the complete genome sequence of a new blunervirus isolated from tomato plants grown in an open field in Italy in the fall of 2018. Like other blunerviruses, the RNA genome of this virus is quadripartite, positive-sense, and single-stranded. Excluding the polyA tail present in each segment, the RNAs 1 and 2 are 5790 nucleotides (nt) and 3621 nt in size, respectively, and each contains a single open reading frame (ORF). The RNAs 3 and 4 are 2842 and 1924 nt long and encode five and two ORFs, respectively. BLASTp analysis of the predicted products of RNA1 and RNA2 ORF1 showed the highest sequence identity (31% and 42%) to tea plant necrotic ring blotch virus (TPNRBV), while the protein encoded by RNA 4 ORF2 had the highest sequence identity (38%) to blueberry necrotic ring blotch virus (BNRBV). These are the only two recognized members in the genus Blunervirus. When the RNA3 ORF3 and ORF5 products were compared with the blunerviruses-encoded proteins, they had the highest sequence identity (30% and 32%) to their TPNRBV-encoded homologs; however, general comparisons showed stronger matches to two different proteins from Acinetobacter baumannii. The proteins encoded by ORFs 1, 2 and 4 of RNA3 and ORF 1 of RNA4 showed no significant BLASTp hits to any known proteins in the databases. Given the limited genetic similarity of this virus to those currently available in the databases, we suggest that this is a new virus, for which we propose the name “tomato fruit blotch virus” (ToFBV). A distinct isolate of the same virus was also detected in Australia. Italy is the largest producer of tomatoes in Europe and the seventh in the world, with a number of local traditional cultivars that are of great interest both for fresh consumption and/ or processing (FAOSTAT 2018). Among the various challenges for tomato production are those imposed by viruses. The most recent example of a threat to the global industry Handling Editor: Tim Skern. M. Ciuffo, W. M. Kinoti and A. Tiberini the first, second and third authors equally contributed to the manuscript. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-020-04760-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * M. Turina [email protected] 1
Department of Jobs, Precincts and Regions, Agriculture Victoria Research, AgriBio, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia
2
Centro di ricerca difesa e certificazione, CREA-DC, Via Carlo Giuseppe Bertero 22, 00156 Roma, Italy
3
Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante, Torino, CNR, Strada delle Cacce 73, 10135 Torino, Italy
is tomato brown rugose fruit virus [1], while tomato spotted wilt virus resistance-break
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