A predatory mite as potential biological control agent of Diaphorina citri
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A predatory mite as potential biological control agent of Diaphorina citri Milena O. Kalile . Andre´ C. Cardoso . Angelo Pallini . Morgana M. Fonseca . Simon L. Elliot . Veroˆnica S. Fialho . Te´rcio da S. Carvalho . Arne Janssen
Received: 5 July 2020 / Accepted: 19 October 2020 Ó International Organization for Biological Control (IOBC) 2020
Abstract Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Liviidae) is a vector of the bacteria that cause Huanglongbing, the fatal disease threatening citriculture worldwide. One of the most important management methods is the control of D. citri with pesticides, but their intensive use causes development of resistance and pollution. An alternative method is therefore necessary to manage this vector-pathogen system. The generalist predatory mite Amblyseius herbicolus Chant (Acari: Phytoseiidae) can be found on citrus and orange jasmine plants, important hosts of D. citri in Brazil. Here we show that this phytoseiid can reproduce and develop on D. citri eggs. The predation rate was higher on D. citri eggs collected from plants
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Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10526-020-10061-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. M. O. Kalile (&) A. C. Cardoso A. Pallini M. M. Fonseca S. L. Elliot V. S. Fialho T. da S. Carvalho A. Janssen Department of Entomology, Federal University of Vic¸osa, Av. PH Rolfs S/N, Vic¸osa, MG 36570-900, Brazil e-mail: [email protected] A. Janssen IBED, Evolutionary and Population Biology, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
in the field than on eggs from small plants from a laboratory rearing. Yet the predator preferred eggs from the laboratory. This may indicate that the higher predation rate of eggs from the field served to compensate for these eggs being of lower nutritional quality. This was confirmed with a series of experiments with limited numbers of eggs. We conclude that Amblyseius herbicolus is a potential biological control agent of D. citri, and its performance and control may be affected by the quality of the host plant. Keywords Asian citrus psyllid Nutritional quality Compensatory predation Huanglongbing Citrus
Introduction Huanglongbing (HLB) or citrus greening is the most devastating disease of citrus in the world and it is caused by three different phloem-limited gram-negative Candidatus bacteria species (Garnier et al. 1984; Grafton-Cardwell et al. 2013). Two insects are vectors of HLB: Trioza erytreae, the African psyllid (McClean and Oberholzer 1965), which occurrence was limited to Africa until its arrival on the Iberian Peninsula in 2014 (Pe´rez-Otero et al. 2015), and Diaphorina citri, the Asian citrus psyllid, capable of transmitting the three species of bacteria, including Ca. Liberibacter americanus, known only from Brazil (Bove´ 2006). The disease transmitted by D. citri is
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