Calixarene-Based Miniaturized Solid-Phase Extraction of Trace Triazine Herbicides from the Honey and Milk Samples
- PDF / 1,247,116 Bytes
- 10 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 81 Downloads / 201 Views
Calixarene-Based Miniaturized Solid-Phase Extraction of Trace Triazine Herbicides from the Honey and Milk Samples Li-Jing Du 1 & Yan-Hua Jiao 1 & Li-Hong Ye 2 & Ting-Hong Fei 1 & Qiu-Yan Wang 1 & Yu-Han Hu 1 & Jun Cao 1 & Qi-Dong Zhang 1 & Li-Qing Peng 1 & Yu-Bo Chen 1 Received: 29 November 2017 / Accepted: 16 April 2018 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2018
Abstract A fast, simple, and cost-effective miniaturized solid-phase extraction method using calixarenes as adsorbent was developed for the micro-extraction of cyanazine, simazine, atrazine, and propazine from complex samples. The ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry was employed for the structural identification of target compounds. The parameters affecting the performance of extraction, such as the type of sorbents, the amount of the sorbent, desorption solvents, breakthrough volume, and adsorption capacity, were optimized. Under optimal conditions, the linear range was 6–600 ng mL−1 with the coefficients of determination from 0.9943 to 0.9998. The limits of detection and quantification for the four triazines were 0.01–0.04 and 0.04–0.15 ng mL−1, respectively. The proposed method was successfully used to determine triazine herbicides in the honey and milk samples. Keywords Calixarenes . Miniaturized solid-phase extraction . Quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry . Ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography . Triazine herbicides . Honey and milk samples
Introduction Calixarenes are a class of cavitands consisting of hydroxyalkylation products of phenol and aldehyde. In particular, calixarenes have specific cavities and molecular skeleton that can hold smaller molecules or ions through multiple noncovalent interactions. In recent years, calixarenes have triggered substantial interest in various disciplines due to their fascinating cavities, unique physical and chemical properties (Zhang et al. 2016). Owing to conformational flexibility, stability, and facile functionalization of calixarenes, they were used in a wide range of applications such as synthesis and catalyst (Wang et al. 2017b), drug design (Hussain et al. 2017), sensing (Prata and Barata 2016), chromatography
* Ting-Hong Fei [email protected] * Jun Cao [email protected]; [email protected] 1
College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
2
Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Hangzhou 310003, China
(Hu et al. 2016), and extraction (Li et al. 2016b). However, the use of single calixarene for complex samples has seldom been reported to date. It is well known that preparing a sample for analysis is labor intensive and time-consuming due to complex sample matrices and insufficient sensitivity of some analytes, so an appropriate sample pretreatment is always required before the determination step. Some analytical procedures for pretreatment techniques have been developed which included cloud poi
Data Loading...
