A strategy to prepare activated carbon fiber membranes for flexible solid-state supercapacitor applications
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A strategy to prepare activated carbon fiber membranes for flexible solid-state supercapacitor applications Minyu Jia1 , Shitao Geng2, Qinting Jiang2, Chengrong Xu2, Ying Zhang2, Guangchao Yin2, Fuchao Jia2, Xiaomei Wang2, Tong Zhou2,*, and Bo Liu2,* 1 2
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, PR China Lab of Functional Molecules and Materials, School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, PR China
Received: 2 July 2020
ABSTRACT
Accepted: 4 November 2020
The development of flexible supercapacitors is highly desired for electrode materials with good flexibility and a high specific surface area. The electrospun carbon fiber membranes (CFMs) have the possibility of being used as flexible electrodes due to their one-dimensional fiber structure. The pristine CFMs generally have poor porosity, and the activation process is of the essence. However, the conventional blending activation process will produce an uneven pore distribution and destroy the fiber membrane structure, which is not conducive to maintaining the flexibility of CFMs and hindering the application in flexible supercapacitors. Herein, by treating the electrospun CFMs with KOH impregnation activation process, we have succeeded in making the activation of CFMs more uniform and avoiding the occurrence of local over-activation. On the premise of ensuring that the fiber structure of CFMs is not damaged, the specific surface area of activated CFMs (ACFMs) was increased to 2408 m2 g-1, and the mechanical flexibility of CFMs was well maintained. As a result, the optimal ACFMs delivers a specific capacitance of 289.2 F g-1 at a current density of 0.5 A g-1 in aqueous electrolyte and an energy density of 14.8 Wh kg-1 in neutral electrolyte. In addition, the flexible solid-state symmetric supercapacitor also shows excellent electrochemical performance, making it have great potential in energy storage applications for wearable, foldable, and portable electronic devices.
Published online: 11 November 2020
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Springer Science+Business
Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Handling Editor: Dale Huber.
Address correspondence to E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-020-05540-3
3912 Introduction Flexible supercapacitors have become energy storage devices with promising applications in the field of wearable, foldable, and portable electronic devices [1–3]. To improve the performance of flexible supercapacitors for the actual needs, the electrode material as a critical factor affecting its performance needs to have a high specific surface area, a suitable pore volume, and a good electrical conductivity for the adsorption/desorption of ions [4–7]. Carbon materials have become the most commonly used electrode materials in flexible supercapacitors due to their unique and diverse structures such as the tubes [8], fibers [9, 10], and meshes [11]. Currently, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphene are the widely used carbon mat
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