Hybridized double-walled carbon nanotubes and activated carbon as free-standing electrode for flexible supercapacitor ap
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Carbon Letters https://doi.org/10.1007/s42823-020-00122-4
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Hybridized double‑walled carbon nanotubes and activated carbon as free‑standing electrode for flexible supercapacitor applications Cheon‑Soo Kang1 · Yong‑Il Ko2 · Kazunori Fujisawa3 · Taiki Yokokawa1 · Jin Hee Kim4 · Jong Hun Han4 · Jae‑Hyung Wee5 · Yoong Ahm Kim5 · Hiroyuki Muramatsu1 · Takuya Hayashi1 Received: 23 September 2019 / Revised: 31 December 2019 / Accepted: 8 January 2020 © Korean Carbon Society 2020
Abstract Free-standing hybridized electrode consisting of double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWNTs) and activated carbon have been fabricated for flexible supercapacitor applications. The xanthan-gum, used in our methodology, showed high ability in dispersing the strongly bundled DWNTs, and was then effectively converted to activated carbon with large surface area via chemical activation. The homogeneously dispersed DWNTs within xanthan-gum derived activated carbon acted as both electrical path and mechanical support of electrode material. The hybridized film from highly dispersed DWNTs and activated carbon was mechanically strong, has high electrical conductivity, and exhibited high specific capacitance of 141.5 F/g at the current density of 100 mV/s. Our hybridized film is highly promising as electrode material for flexible supercapacitors in wearable device. Keywords Double-walled carbon nanotubes · Activated carbon · Supercapacitor · Flexibility · Rate performance
1 Introduction Supercapacitors, in recent years, have attracted large attention as energy storage devices, because they exhibit several advantages over lithium ion batteries, such as higher power density and higher efficiency due to simple ion adsorption on their electrode [1]. Currently, activated carbons are used as electrode materials in commercial supercapacitors due to their large specific surface area, good chemical stability, low cost and wide electrochemical windows [2, 3]. However, the Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s42823-020-00122-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
activated carbon comes in powder form, and thus, they are commonly mixed with conductive filler (e.g., carbon black) and polymeric binder. The as-prepared paste is then coated on metallic current collectors. Therefore, the conventional activated carbon-based electrodes in supercapacitor experience relatively low rate capability due to their high electrical resistance and limited accessibility of the electrolyte ions into the pores [3]. When considering the fact that the upcoming wearable electronics must be coupled with flexible, lightweight and mechanically strong energy storage devices [4], the fabrication of flexible and binderless electrode is needed to meet the requirement of flexible supercapacitor.
* Yoong Ahm Kim [email protected]
3
Research Initiative for Supra‑Materials (RISM), Shinshu University, 4‑17‑1 Wakasato, Nagano 380‑8553, Japan
* Takuya Hayashi hayashi@endomori
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