Adaptive Techniques for Mixed Signal System on Chip
Adaptive Techniques for Mixed Signal Sytem on Chip discusses the concept of adaptation in the context of analog and mixed signal design along with different adaptive architectures used to control any system parameter. The first part of the book gives
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The International Series in Engineering and Computer Science VOLUME 872
Editors Ayman Fayed, Texas Instruments Inc., Dallas, Texas, USA. Mohammed Ismail, Analog VLSI Lab, Ohio State University Columbus, Ohio, USA.
Adaptive Techniques for Mixed Signal System on Chip by
Ayman Fayed Texas Instruments Inc., Dallas, Texas, U.S.A. and
Mohammed Ismail Analog VLSI Lab, Ohio State University Columbus, Ohio, USA
A C.I.P. Catalogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress.
ISBN-10 ISBN-13 ISBN-10 ISBN-13
0-387-32154-3 (HB) 978-0-387-32154-3 (HB) 0-387-32154-3 ( e-book) 978-0-387-32154-3 (e-book)
Published by Springer, P.O. Box 17, 3300 AA Dordrecht, The Netherlands. www.springer.com
Printed on acid-free paper
All Rights Reserved © 2006 Springer No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher, with the exception of any material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work.
Dedication
To Layla, Lobna, my parents, and my country Egypt. And To Ismail, Jr., Omar, Tuula, and to Sameha and Ismail, Sr.
Contents
Dedication...................................................................................................... v Preface........................................................................................................... xi 1. Introduction 1 1.1 Categories of Variations in Analog and Mixed Signal ICs............... 2 1.1.1 Circuit Level Variations.................................................. 2 1.1.2 System Level Variations................................................... 4 1.1.3 Network Level Variations................................................ 5 1.2 The Essence of Adaptation............................................................... 5 1.3 The Process of Adaptation................................................................ 6 1.4 Book Outline.................................................................................... 8 2. Adaptive Architectures.......................................................................... 11 2.1 Automatic Tuning........................................................................... 12 2.1.1 Voltage, Current, and Time References........................ 16 2.1.2 Electronically Tunable Elements................................... 21 2.2 Post Fabrication Tuning.................................................................. 35 2.3 Summary......................................................................................... 36 3. Tunable Elements................................................................................... 39 3.1 Voltage-Controlled Transconductors.............................................. 39 3.1.1 A Triode-Based Voltage-Controlled Transconductor... 40
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Contents
3.1.2 An Improved Voltage-Controlled Transconduct
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