Aerobic and oxygen-limited naphthalene-amended enrichments induced the dominance of Pseudomonas spp. from a groundwater
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ENVIRONMENTAL BIOTECHNOLOGY
Aerobic and oxygen-limited naphthalene-amended enrichments induced the dominance of Pseudomonas spp. from a groundwater bacterial biofilm Tibor Benedek 1 & Flóra Szentgyörgyi 2 & István Szabó 2 & Milán Farkas 2 & Robert Duran 3 & Balázs Kriszt 2 & András Táncsics 1 Received: 19 February 2020 / Revised: 29 April 2020 / Accepted: 4 May 2020 # The Author(s) 2020
Abstract In this study, we aimed at determining the impact of naphthalene and different oxygen levels on a biofilm bacterial community originated from a petroleum hydrocarbon–contaminated groundwater. By using cultivation-dependent and cultivationindependent approaches, the enrichment, identification, and isolation of aerobic and oxygen-limited naphthalene degraders was possible. Results indicated that, regardless of the oxygenation conditions, Pseudomonas spp. became the most dominant in the naphthalene-amended selective enrichment cultures. Under low-oxygen conditions, P. veronii/P. extremaustralis lineage affiliating bacteria, and under full aerobic conditions P. laurentiana–related isolates were most probably capable of naphthalene biodegradation. A molecular biological tool has been developed for the detection of naphthalene 1,2-dioxygenase-related 2Fe-2S reductase genes of Gram-negative bacteria. The newly developed COnsensus DEgenerate Hybrid Oligonucleotide Primers (CODEHOP-PCR) technique may be used in the monitoring of the natural attenuation capacity of PAH-contaminated sites. A bacterial strain collection with prolific biofilm-producing and effective naphthalene-degrading organisms was established. The obtained strain collection may be applicable in the future for the development of biofilm-based bioremediation systems for the elimination of PAHs from groundwater (e.g., biofilm-based biobarriers). Keywords Biofilm . PAH . Naphthalene . Bioremediation . Oxygen-limited . Biobarrier Key Points • Aerobic and oxygen-limited naphthalene-degrading biofilm bacteria have been identified. • P. laurentiana aerobic and P. veronii/P. extremaustralis oxygen-limited PAH degrader. • Tool developed for monitoring natural attenuation capacity of PAHcontaminated sites. • A bacterial strain collection for biobarrier development was established. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-020-10668-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Tibor Benedek [email protected] 1
Regional University Centre of Excellence in Environmental Industry, Szent István University, Páter K. u. 1, Gödöllő H-2100, Hungary
2
Department of Environmental Protection and Safety, Szent István University, Páter K. u. 1, Gödöllő H-2100, Hungary
3
IPREM UMR CNRS 5254, Equipe Environnement et Microbiologie, MELODY Group, Université de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour, Pau, France
Introduction Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), originating either from natural or from anthropogenic sources, are widespread persistent and toxic pollutants of great concern. Many PAHs, c
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