An integrated approach for analyzing air quality monitoring data: a case study in Hanoi, Vietnam
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An integrated approach for analyzing air quality monitoring data: a case study in Hanoi, Vietnam Trung-Dung Nghiem 1
&
Duy-Hung Mac 1,2 & Anh-Dung Nguyen 3 & Ngoc C. Lê 4
Received: 1 May 2020 / Accepted: 12 August 2020 # Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract In this research, we propose an integrated approach to retrieve the information of air quality monitoring data for air quality assessment. Used data is the hourly concentrations of PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NO, NO2, O3, and CO measured by an ambient air quality monitoring station in Hanoi, Vietnam, in the period of 2010–2018. First, the dataset was preprocessed to remove outliers by a simple removing method. Then, the missing values were filled up using a deep learning technique. After that, the preprocessed data went through the process of analysis to infer the probability distributions. After the probability density functions (pdf) of the hourly concentrations of these air pollutants in the year were determined, the information of air quality data in each year including the annual mean and median, the maximum concentration, and the number of exceedances of hourly thresholds for the period of 2010–2018 was obtained. High level of PM2.5, exceeding its national annual standard, was observed implying the potential of health risk to the people. Trend and temporal variations of these air pollutants were also analyzed. It is found out that the effect of direct emission from local traffic activity on the ambient levels of SO2 and PM2.5 is not dominant. Keywords Air quality . Air quality monitoring data . Probability distribution . Deep learning . Temporal variations . Hanoi
Introduction Regularly, ambient air quality is measured by the automatic monitoring station for main air pollutants such as PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NO2, O3, and CO. In the early years of 2000s,
five first automatic air quality monitoring stations, namely, Giai Phong (2000), Pham Van Dong (2000), Lac Long Quan (2001), Nguyen Trai (2002), and Nguyen Chi Thanh/ Lang (2002), were installed in Hanoi. However, at the moment, no electronic data of these stations can be accessed
Highlights • An integrated approach for analyzing air quality monitoring data was proposed. • Probability distribution of air quality data was determined and used. • Air quality information of a long-term period (9 years) for criteria air pollutants in Hanoi was obtained. • Effect of direct emissions from local traffic activity on the levels of SO2 and PM2.5 is not dominant in the city. • High level of PM2.5 was observed implying the high potential of acute and chronic health impact. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s11869-020-00907-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Trung-Dung Nghiem [email protected]
2
Faculty of Civil and Environment, Thai Nguyen University of Technology, Thai Nguyen, Vietnam
* Duy-Hung Mac [email protected]
3
Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, Hanoi, Vi
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