An overview on the efficiency of biohydrogen production from cellulose
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REVIEW ARTICLE
An overview on the efficiency of biohydrogen production from cellulose N. S. Hassan 1 & A. A. Jalil 1,2 & D. V. N. Vo 3 & W. Nabgan 1,2 Received: 28 August 2020 / Revised: 21 October 2020 / Accepted: 29 October 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Biohydrogen produced from cellulosic feedstock is a promising candidate for future energy needs as a renewable energy carrier. The thermochemical route and biological processes have great potential for biohydrogen production. In particular, pyrolysis/ gasification and dark fermentation are the methods to enhance the biohydrogen production from cellulose. The review compiles the essential information on both processes, including pretreatment of cellulose since it has a complex structure. The operating conditions for both processes, for example, the influence of cellulose pyrolysis/gasification such as temperature, heating rate, and vapor residence time, while for dark fermentation, including the temperature, inoculum source, hydraulic retention time, and pH, are discussed. The bioreactor configurations and economic aspects of both processes are also discussed. The review aims are to present the current state of knowledge about the two processes using cellulose as substrates. Surprisingly, dark fermentation is a promising method for application of cellulose for biohydrogen production since many works were done on dark fermentation compared to pyrolysis/gasification. The future perspectives on enhancing hydrogen production from cellulose have also been discussed. Keywords Cellulose . Pyrolysis . Gasification . Dark fermentation . Biohydrogen
1 Introduction The rapid depletion and diminishing of fossil fuels’ supply and their adverse impact on the environment is currently a problem for modern society [1]. Therefore, many studies focused on the development of existing and new processes that use lignocellulosic biomass (LB) as feedstock to reduce the current energy dependence on fossil fuels [2]. Several thermochemical or biochemical processes can treat this LB to produce energy, biofuels, and biochemicals [3]. As known, biofuels including biodiesel, bioethanol, and biohydrogen as
* A. A. Jalil [email protected] 1
School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
2
Centre of Hydrogen Energy, Institute of Future Energy, 81310 UTM, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
3
Center of Excellence for Green Energy and Environmental Nanomaterials (CE@GrEEN), Nguyen Tat Thanh University, 300A Nguyen Tat Thanh, District 4, Ho Chi Minh City 755414, Vietnam
potential green alternatives have also been considered for substitute conventional fossil fuels. The global hydrogen (H2) production accounts for approximately 7.7 EJ/year, which may rise to 10 EJ/year by 2050 [3]. Besides, the H2 market is expected to increase by about 5– 10% per year, basically due to its consumption in treating heavy oil fractions. H2 is a clean energy carrier with the highest ene
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