Analysis of assimilation capacity for conservation of water quality: controllable discharges of pollutants
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Analysis of assimilation capacity for conservation of water quality: controllable discharges of pollutants Mohsen Dehghani Darmian 1 & Faranak Khodabandeh 1 & Gholamreza Azizyan 1 & John Paul Giesy 2 & Seyed Arman Hashemi Monfared 1,3 Received: 3 February 2020 / Accepted: 20 August 2020 # Saudi Society for Geosciences 2020
Abstract Protection of water quality from the hazards of industrial, agricultural, urban, and other sources of pollutants has been a big concern for water resources managers in recent decades. Sources of pollutants are often classified into different large categories, which can be predicted by modeling. In this investigation, a river-reservoir system with the controllable pollution source was chosen and a onedimensional pollutant transport model was considered to calculate the assimilation capacity (AC) of the river. All of the modeling procedures were processed and accomplished with the analytical solution and also by numerical methods, QUICK (quadratic upwind differencing) approach and SEF (symmetric exponential function) method, by simulating in MATLAB. Results for symmetrical pollution entrance demonstrate that in the domain of Cs (allowable concentration) from 0.13 to 0.71 mg/l, the amount of ca (mean area of unallowable concentration) is in the range of 0.28–0.68, 0.3–0.63, and 0.63–0.56 mg/l for analytical, SEF, and QUICK methods, respectively. Therefore, the amounts of ca by SEF acquire more similarity to analytical method than QUICK. A novel general relationship is determined to calculate AC of the river by applying nonlinear regression to the obtained data from SEF method and then verified with the measured values of nitrate concentration for Karun River in Iran. Statistical parameters, R2, RMSE, and MAE, for the proposed relationship were equal to 0.955, 0.186, and 0.065 in the modeling calibration and also were 0.912, 0.251, and 0.093 compared with the laboratory data, respectively. Keywords Pollution transport . Assimilation capacity . Water quality conservation . SEF method . Water Quality Index
Introduction Population growth, increment of environmental pollution, and limitation of water resources lead to huge costs of water treatment with special considerations of efficient
water quality management. Surface water and rivers are the most crucial human water resources. Unfortunately, pollutants caused by disposal of untreated wastewater reduce the water quality. Contamination of surface water is one of the most detrimental environmental hazards.
Responsible Editor: Amjad Kallel Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-020-05907-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Seyed Arman Hashemi Monfared [email protected] Mohsen Dehghani Darmian [email protected] Faranak Khodabandeh [email protected] Gholamreza Azizyan [email protected]
John Paul Giesy [email protected] 1
Civil Engineering Department, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahed
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