Particle filter-based data assimilation technique for the evaluation of transport of pollutants in small rivers
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Particle filter-based data assimilation technique for the evaluation of transport of pollutants in small rivers Ruan Rezende Faria1 · Wellington Betencurte da Silva1 · Julio Cesar Sampaio Dutra1 · José Mir Justino da Costa2 Received: 18 February 2020 / Revised: 9 June 2020 / Accepted: 18 July 2020 © SBMAC - Sociedade Brasileira de Matemática Aplicada e Computacional 2020
Abstract The discharge of pollutants into water resources has caused many undesirable effects on human health and the environment. In this context, meta-heuristic methods, such as the Simulated Annealing algorithm, allow for only offline estimation of the concentration and dispersion coefficient of pollutant. However, online data assimilation is a very important for decision support in real time. In this regard, the present paper focuses on the use of the so-called Particle Filter as an online observer. Our studies were performed through the algorithms Sampling Importance Resampling (SIR) and Liu and West (LW), using tracer experimental observations from a small river in Brazil. Such approach allowed for tracking satisfactorily the pollutant concentration, longitudinal dispersion coefficient, flow velocity, pollutant load released and distance from the pollution source. The results can be enhanced ever more through the LW filter, which reduces the impoverishment of the samples as well as the computational time due to the use of a smoothing kernel. Keywords Pollutant dispersion · Inverse Problem · Particle Filter · Kernel smoothing Mathematics Subject Classification 62L12 · 65M12
Communicated by Apala Majumdar.
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Julio Cesar Sampaio Dutra [email protected] Ruan Rezende Faria [email protected] Wellington Betencurte da Silva [email protected] José Mir Justino da Costa [email protected]
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Federal University of Espirito Santos-UFES, Alegre, Brazil
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Federal University of Amazonas-UFAM, Manaus, Brazil 0123456789().: V,-vol
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R. R. Faria et al.
1 Introduction Environmental pollution is a topic that is under constant debate in the world, especially in relation to water resources. A study carried out in 2017 by the United Nations pointed out that one-third of the world’s rivers are polluted, 80% of the wastewater goes into rivers and oceans and, from 181 countries surveyed, only 55 had data on the treatment and use of wastewater. Despite the great importance of water, there is still much that needs to be developed. The main question that arises is about the alternatives to support the decision-making in the management of the waste released into water bodies. Such wastes come from anthropogenic activities and, every so often, due to the negligence of the authorities responsible for its inspection, finish up being destined to the environment, mainly the rivers, which are a natural source of debris flow. Most of the supporting studies is generally designed to assess the impact of the pollutant upon reaching the rivers. Unfortunately, this has been very common after the occurrence of environmental disasters, for
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