Analytical Method to Evaluate Gizzerosine in Fishmeal After Diazonium Derivatization Using High-Performance Liquid Chrom
- PDF / 1,144,018 Bytes
- 7 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 16 Downloads / 181 Views
Analytical Method to Evaluate Gizzerosine in Fishmeal After Diazonium Derivatization Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Zhihua Tao 1 & Qinxia Hu 1 & Xiaojing Xu 1 & Hiromasa Kiyota 2 & Zexi Chen 1 & Shuying Xie 3 & Na Qiao 1 Received: 3 January 2018 / Accepted: 11 September 2018 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2018
Abstract A high-performance liquid chromatography method for the analysis of gizzerosine in fishmeal was developed. The method was performed using an ODS column (250 × 4.6 mm) and achieved a gizzerosine total analysis time of approximately 35 min. Gizzerosine was extracted from fishmeal with a 0.1-N HCl solution, diazotized with sulfanilic acid (Pauly’s reagent), and successfully separated from other reagent-positive components in fishmeal extracts. Using this method, the calibration curve of standard gizzerosine was estimated to be within the range of 1 to 250 mg/l (r2 = 0.9942). The coefficient of variation (relative standard deviation) of gizzerosine derivatization was 0.27%. The mean recovery was 96.2% with addition of 0.1, 1, 5, 10, and 15 μg/100 g of gizzerosine in fishmeal. Moreover, the limit of detection for spiked feed blanks, based on a S/N of 3, was 0.61 mg/kg. This method was also efficient in detection of the wavelength of the analyte derivatives as well as in clean sample preparation. Therefore, this method could be used to analyze gizzerosine in fishmeal. Keywords Fishmeal . Gizzerosine . HPLC . Diazotized . Pauly’s reagent
Introduction Gizzerosine (2-amino-9(4-imidazolyl)-7-azanonanoic acid) is a biogenic amine found in some fishmeal. Gizzerosine is produced during a high-temperature reaction that results from the lysine amino acid group reacting with a free histidine or histamine (Okazaki et al. 1983; Marcela et al. 1999). Gizzerosine has been reported as a potent agonist for the H2 receptor of histamine, causing ten times more gastric secretions than histamine itself. The secretion of gastric acid by gizzerosine can cause gizzard erosion or ulceration in broiler chickens (Masumura et al. 1985; Mori et al. 1983, 1985; Okazaki et al. 1983; Toyama et al. 1985; Sugahara et al. 1988).
* Zhihua Tao [email protected] 1
Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center 100, Guangzhou 510006, China
2
Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
3
School of Chemical and Bioengineering, Nanyang Technology University, Singapore 641986, Singapore
Moreover, toxicological trials have shown that gizzerosine can cause growth depression in broiler chickens at 1 mg/kg of feed, and that mortalities can be expected at 2 mg/kg of feed. Additionally, research has found that it can cause distended stomachs in salmon fed with fishmeal contaminated with gizzerosine (Fairgrieve et al. 1994). Gizzard erosion or ulceration occurs in broiler chickens due to the contamination of fishmeal with gizzerosine, and it results in serious economic
Data Loading...
