Analytical Methods Applied to Characterization of Actinidia arguta , Actinidia deliciosa , and Actinidia eriantha Kiwi F
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Analytical Methods Applied to Characterization of Actinidia arguta, Actinidia deliciosa, and Actinidia eriantha Kiwi Fruit Cultivars Jerzy Drzewiecki 1 & Piotr Latocha 2 & Hanna Leontowicz 3 & Maria Leontowicz 3 & Yong Seo Park 4 & Katarzyna Najman 5 & Moshe Weisz 6 & Aviva Ezra 6 & Shela Gorinstein 6
Received: 24 June 2015 / Accepted: 1 September 2015 / Published online: 25 September 2015 # The Author(s) 2015. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com
Abstract In this research, eight kiwi fruit genotypes (six hardy kiwis (Actinidia arguta and their hybrids), one of Actinidia deliciosa ‘Hayward,’ and one of Actinidia eriantha ‘Bidan’ were examined and compared by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Proteins were extracted from lyophilized fruits, flesh with seeds, grinded seeds, and singular seeds and then separated by SDS-PAGE. Matrix similarity and dendrogram was generated using Nei coefficient and Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic mean (UPGMA) algorithm. Based on protein patterns, Actinidia species were clearly distinguishable, whereas differences between hardy kiwi fruit cultivars were minor or nondetectable. * Jerzy Drzewiecki [email protected] * Shela Gorinstein [email protected] 1
Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute, National Research Institute, Radzikow, Poland
2
Department of Environmental Protection, Faculty of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Warsaw, Poland
3
Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Warsaw, Poland
4
Department of Horticultural Science, Mokpo National University, Muan, Jeonnam, South Korea
5
Department of Functional Food and Commodities, Faculty of Human Nutrition and Consumption, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Warsaw, Poland
6
Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Hadassah Medical School, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
The electrophoretical separations were able to distinguish a half of hardy kiwi fruit cultivars, so cluster analysis revealed a limited number of cultivar groups. Intervarietal polymorphism was low and this affected the results of similarity analysis. One distinct cluster, composed of two pairs of cultivars and identical by protein patterns, was obtained. Cultivars ‘Ananasnaya’ and ‘Weiki,’ according to the morphological description, were similar. Oppositely, ‘M1’ cultivar significantly differed from other hardy kiwi cultivars by densitometrical bands intensity. All examined singular seeds of ‘Ananasnaya’ cultivar possessed identical protein patterns. The protein patterns of ‘Bingo’ and ‘Ananasnaya’ hardy kiwi fruits harvested in 2011 and 2013 were identical. Three weeks storage after harvest did not affect the protein composition of these cultivars. FT-IR and NMR spectrum of hardy kiwi fruits were presented and compar
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