Extracellular matrix and wall composition are diverse in the organogenic and non-organogenic calli of Actinidia arguta
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Extracellular matrix and wall composition are diverse in the organogenic and non‑organogenic calli of Actinidia arguta Marzena Popielarska‑Konieczna1 · Katarzyna Sala2 · Mohib Abdullah1 · Monika Tuleja1 · Ewa Kurczyńska2 Received: 14 November 2019 / Accepted: 13 March 2020 © The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Key message Differences in the composition and the structural organisation of the extracellular matrix correlate with the morphogenic competence of the callus tissue that originated from the isolated endosperm of kiwifruit. Abstract The chemical composition and structural organisation of the extracellular matrix, including the cell wall and the layer on its surface, may correspond with the morphogenic competence of a tissue. In the presented study, this relationship was found in the callus tissue that had been differentiated from the isolated endosperm of the kiwiberry, Actinidia arguta. The experimental system was based on callus samples of exactly the same age that had originated from an isolated endosperm but were cultured under controlled conditions promoting either an organogenic or a non-organogenic pathway. The analyses which were performed using bright field, fluorescence and scanning electron microscopy techniques showed significant differences between the two types of calli. The organogenic tissue was compact and the outer walls of the peripheral cells were covered with granular structures. The non-organogenic tissue was composed of loosely attached cells, which were connected via a net-like structure. The extracellular matrices from both the non- and organogenic tissues were abundant in pectic homogalacturonan and extensins (LM19, LM20, JIM11, JIM12 and JIM20 epitopes), but the epitopes that are characteristic for rhamnogalacturonan I (LM5 and LM6), hemicellulose (LM25) and the arabinogalactan protein (LM2) were detected only in the non-organogenic callus. Moreover, we report the epitopes, which presence is characteristic for the Actinidia endosperm (LM21 and LM25, heteromannan and xyloglucan) and for the endosperm-derived cells that undergo dedifferentiation (loss of LM21 and LM25; appearance or increase in the content of LM5, LM6, LM19, JIM11, JIM12, JIM20, JIM8 and JIM16 epitopes). Keywords Callus · Kiwiberry · Immunohistochemistry · Isolated endosperm · Plant extracellular matrix · Scanning electron microscopy Abbreviations AGPs Arabinogalactan proteins CAPS N-Cyclohexyl-3-aminopropanesulfonic acid Communicated by Attila Feher. Marzena Popielarska-Konieczna and Katarzyna Sala contributed equally. * Katarzyna Sala [email protected] 1
Department of Plant Cytology and Embryology, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Botany, Jagiellonian University in Cracow, Gronostajowa 9, 30‑387 Cracow, Poland
Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia in Katowice, Jagiellonska 28, 40‑032 Katowice, Poland
2
ECM Extracellular matrix GA Glutaraldehyde HG Homogalacturonan HRGP Hydroxyproline-rich proteins MS
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