Anisotropic and high thermal conductivity of epoxy composites containing multilayer Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene nanoflakes
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Anisotropic and high thermal conductivity of epoxy composites containing multilayer Ti3C2Tx MXene nanoflakes Lin Chen1,*, Yu Cao1, Xiao Zhang1, Xuebo Guo1, Ping Song1, Kai Chen2, and Jun Lin3,* 1
MOE Key Laboratory of Power Station Energy Transfer Conversion and System, School of Energy Power and Mechanical Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China 2 MOE Key Laboratory of Enhanced Heat Transfer and Energy Conservation, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China 3 School of Renewable Energy, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
Received: 1 May 2020
ABSTRACT
Accepted: 2 August 2020
Ti3C2Tx/epoxy composites were prepared using multilayer Ti3C2Tx nanoflakes, which were a massive but generally discarded by-product of few-layer Ti3C2Tx MXene. The morphology of the fillers and their distribution in the composites were characterized by SEM, TEM and XRD. The thermal conductivities in both through-plane and in-plane directions of the composites were measured, which increased with the increasing in the filler content and the in-plane thermal conductivity increased more notably. For filler content of 30 wt%, the in-plane and through-plane thermal conductivities were improved to 3.14 and 0.294 Wm-1 K-1, respectively, which was attributed to the enlarged effective aspect ratio of Ti3C2Tx fillers and their aligned distribution in the epoxy matrix. The benefit of the enhanced anisotropic thermal conductivity on heat dissipation and temperature control was experimentally demonstrated and discussed.
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Introduction Two-dimensional (2D) materials generally exhibit novel mechanical, electrical and thermal properties as compared to their bulk materials. In addition to graphene, boron nitride (BN) and black phosphorous, MXene is a new class of 2D transition metal carbide
and/or nitride, which is often fabricated by selectively etching ‘‘A’’ from ‘‘Mn?1AXn’’ phase (M is an early transition metal, A is an A-group element, X is carbon and/or nitrogen, and n = 1, 2, or 3) [1]. Among the many MXenes, Ti3C2Tx (Tx stands for the surface terminations of functional groups) is the most studied one [2], which is prospective in a wide range of applications. Lukatskaya et al. [3] demonstrated
Handling Editor: Catalin Croitoru.
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https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-020-05177-2
J Mater Sci
that exfoliated Ti3C2Tx and Ti3C2Tx MXene paper could be intercalated by a variety of aqueous salt solutions, offering capacitance higher than 300 F/cm3. The Ti3C2Tx clay prepared by Ghidiu et al. [4] had capacitance of up to 900 F/cm3. Ling et al. [5] produced Ti3C2Tx/PVA composites, which were flexible and had very high electrical conductivity and volumetric capacitance. Chen et al. [6] used carbon nanotubes (CNTs) to prevent the restacking of MXene nanosheets and create fast ion trans
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