Antioxidant system status of cucumber plants under pesticides treatment
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Antioxidant system status of cucumber plants under pesticides treatment Mohammad Homayoonzadeh1 · Pedram Moeini2 · Khalil Talebi1 · Ute Roessner3 · Vahid Hosseininaveh1 Received: 19 April 2020 / Revised: 28 June 2020 / Accepted: 12 October 2020 © Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków 2020
Abstract A plants’ physiology maybe affected by various pesticides through the activation or inactivation of different biochemical pathways in target and non-target plants. In response to pesticides as xenobiotics, plants activate their antioxidant defense systems through both enzymatic and non-enzymatic pathways. In this study, two of the most common pesticides used to control cucumber whiteflies, imidacloprid and dichlorvos were sprayed on cucumber seedlings. Treatment with both pesticides significantly increased the activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, guaiacol peroxide, and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase. Moreover, total protein, proline, total soluble carbohydrates, and total phenolic content showed a significant elevation in response to the treatment with both pesticides compared to the control. The effects of the separate use of pesticides resulted in variation in the peak day of physiological changes in treated plants. Further experiments showed that pesticide treatment leads to a significant decrease in polyphenol oxidase activity, but no significant changes in contents of hydrogen peroxide, malondialdehyde, and electrolyte leakage index were found. Our results suggest that imidacloprid and dichlorvos had profound effects on the physiological status of cucumber plants at recommended rates. Our data also showed that the responses were similar between the two pesticides with differences in response times following treatment. Keywords Antioxidative system · Cucumber · Pesticides · Oxidative stress · Plant physiology
Introduction Plants experience various types of stress during their growth and development, which cause different types of biological responses (Ahmad et al. 2017). Through evolutionary processes, plants have developed a wide range of defense mechanisms to protect themselves from various reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are highly reactive molecules (Singh et al. 2019). The antioxidant system of plants consists of both enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, which Communicated by F. Araniti. * Khalil Talebi [email protected] 1
Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, 31587‑77871 Karaj, Iran
2
Plant Virology Research Center, Shiraz University, 71441‑65186 Shiraz, Iran
3
School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
helps plants to survive in a stressful condition (Ahmad et al. 2017). The metalloenzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD) by dismutation of O 2− to O 2 and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) molecules forms the first line of plant defense system against oxidative stress. Catalase (CAT) catalyzes the dismut
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