Application of QuEChERS method for extraction of functional compounds
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Application of QuEChERS method for extraction of functional compounds Mozhdeh Sarraf1 · Adel Beig‑babaei1 · Sara Naji‑Tabasi2 Received: 29 April 2020 / Accepted: 7 October 2020 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract Barberry has valuable compounds with high functional properties such as berberine. In this study, the QuEChERS method was applied for the extraction of berberine, phenolic, and antioxidant compounds of B.integerrima stem and compared with the maceration method. Also, the standard QuEChERS was modified to improve the extraction efficiency and application of this method in the food industries. The majority of the changes in the modified QuEChERS methods were the type of solvent, and removing salts and sorbents in the procedure. The average recovery of berberine was more efficient in maceration in comparison with the QuEChERS method. However, the ethanolic QuEChERS method had a positive effect on the extraction of phenolic compounds in comparison with the other applied methods. The modified QuEChERS method had a better yield to extract the phenolic compounds than the extraction of berberine compounds. Keywords Barberry · QuEChERS · Maceration · Functional compounds Abbreviations dSPE Dispersive solid-phase extraction Gae Gallic acid HPLC High-performance liquid chromatography DPPH 2, 2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl PSA Primary and Secondary amine MgSo4 Magnesium Sulfate NaCl Sodium chloride
1 Introduction Although maceration is a standard method to extract functional compounds of plants, the development of novel approaches that are less commonly used in the food industry can help with the high capacity of extraction. QuEChERS is a Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, and Safe method of extraction introduced for pesticide residues analysis in high moisture fruits and vegetables [1].
Recently, the technique is gained significant popularity in the analysis of a broad spectrum of analytes in a massive variety of samples [2–4]. QuEChERS, in addition to maintaining desirable results, increases sample yields, an issue of great importance. The advantages of QuEChERS include small amounts of material and solvent and decreasing the time spent to prepare the sample. This extraction method also has high efficiency [5]. Berberis belongs to the Berberidaceae family that includes 12 genera and over 666 species [6, 7]. This valuable plant contains essential compounds in different parts (flower, stem, fruit, shoot, leaf, and root), for instance, alkaloids, phenolic compounds, anthocyanin, flavonoids, and vitamins that have been used in traditional medicine the past to the present [8]. Bioactive phenols and alkaloids such as berberine have antioxidant activities that are in parts of barberry. Phenolic compounds have anti-pathogenic, anti-inflammatory, and antiseptic actions in the treatment of infectious, cancer, cardiovascular, and renal
* Adel Beig‑babaei, [email protected]; Sara Naji‑Tabasi, [email protected] | 1Department of Food Chemistry, Research Institute of Food Science and Technolo
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