Applications of Organoids for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
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Online ISSN 2212-5469
PREFACE
Applications of Organoids for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine James J. Yoo1 • Chong-Su Cho2 • Inho Jo3
Accepted: 24 September 2020 Ó The Korean Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Society 2020
Organoids are miniaturized, self-organized three-dimensional tissue units that mimic the spatial, chemical, structural, and physiological elements of in vivo tissue environments [1]. Research involving organoids is currently one of the hottest and rapidly expanding areas due to its potential and practical uses, from basic science to clinical applications, such as drug screening and toxicology, tumor models for cancer diagnosis, and models for human development and diseases [2–6]. This special issue brings together leading experts in the field to define this growing area. The intent of this special issue is to provide essential information and insights on how tissue and organ-specific organoids are developed and used in biomedical applications for tissue regeneration. The articles provide an update of the current and trending research that may give readers new perspectives and creative ideas for further development. This special issue consists of one original and five review articles covering platform technologies and tissue applications in the liver, brain, ovary, skeletal muscle, and tumor microenvironment (TME) such as breast cancer. Liver tissue organoid that possesses biological and physiological functions is one of the most studied models. Lee et al. [7] highlight the development of various liver model systems and discuss the dire need to overcome the & James J. Yoo [email protected] 1
Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
2
Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
3
Department of Molecular Medicine, Ewha Womans University Medical College, Seoul 07804, Republic of Korea
current limitations before advancing to translational applications. The authors emphasize that three-dimensional biomimetic liver models may hold great promise for biomedical applications. Another area that is actively studied recently is research using brain organoids, ranging from development processes to applications in neurological diseases. In this issue, Jeong et al. [8] cover platform technologies used to develop human brain organoids and discuss the importance of disease modeling for various pharmacological and tissue applications. In the subsequent article, Kondash et al. [9] developed human skeletal muscles composed of myobundles and tested for the metabolic function. These human myobundles serve as a useful platform for developing a human in vitro model of normal and diseased muscle. In their study, the authors evaluated glucose uptake and insulin responsiveness in human tissueengineered skeletal muscle myobundles. This study showed that the model of human myobundles recapitulated key features of in vivo insulin sensitivity and exhibited rele
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