Assessment of physico-chemical characteristics of river water emphasizing tannery industrial park: a case study of Dhale
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Assessment of physico-chemical characteristics of river water emphasizing tannery industrial park: a case study of Dhaleshwari River, Bangladesh Md. Mahmudul Hasan Raofur Adnan
&
Md. Shakil Ahmed &
Received: 21 April 2020 / Accepted: 10 November 2020 # Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract Pollution of industry-adjacent surface water bodies become a major environmental concern in Bangladesh recently. Therefore, this study aimed to elaborate assessment of physico-chemical characteristics of the Dhaleshwari River (the adjacent river of newly shifted tannery industrial park) and also the discharged effluent from the central effluent treatment plant (CETP) considering both seasonal and spatial variations. Among the examined 30 water quality parameters (including 11 heavy metals), only TDS, Cl-, NO3-N, EC, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Ni met the standards for discharged wastewater from industrial units into inland surface water set by Bangladesh government. This indicated that the CETP is not fully and/or effectively functioning. Out of 19 parameters (excluding heavy metal), 14 parameters exceeded the Bangladesh standard for drinking water quality either spatially or seasonally. The river water quality indicated slowly biodegradable capacity with algal bloom risk. The concentrations of the studied heavy metals in the river water followed a decreasing order of Ca > K > Mg > Na > Fe > Cr > Pb > Ni > Cu > Zn > Cd, and Cr concentration in the winter season exceeded the standard values. The concentrations of other heavy metals met the quality standard that indicated still the river is capable to self-purify. Furthermore, strong (p < 0.01) and significant (p < 0.05) correlation were observed among the quality parameters in river M. M. Hasan (*) : M. S. Ahmed : R. Adnan Department of Civil Engineering, University of Asia Pacific, 74/A Green Road, Farmgate, Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh e-mail: [email protected]
water. This study suggested that the efficiency of the existing CETP needs to be enhanced, and the proper operation and maintenance are required to meet the desired discharge standard quality. Also, all the unauthorized wastewater outfalls from tanneries must be closed to save the Dhaleshwari River. Keywords Physico-chemical parameters . Water pollution . Tannery . Industrial pollution . River pollution . Heavy metals . Dhaleshwari River
Introduction Rivers are recognized as an invaluable water resource. Historically, most of the civilizations were grown basing on this water resource due to its enormous importance, especially, in transportation, agricultural, domestic, and industrial sectors (Godwin and Oborakpororo 2019; Okeolo et al. 2010; Singh et al. 2005). Moreover, rivers play a vital role in maintaining ecosystems as it is a part and parcel of the natural water cycle (Mir et al. 2017; UNESCO 2011). On one side, different uses of river water let human beings to sustain; on the other side, the rivers become more susceptible to pollution due to such uses and pose a serious threat to the aquatic ecosystems and human health
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