Association of Serum Zinc Levels in Overweight and Obesity
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Association of Serum Zinc Levels in Overweight and Obesity María Judith Rios-Lugo 1,2 & Casandra Madrigal-Arellano 1 & Darío Gaytán-Hernández 1 Héctor Hernández-Mendoza 3,4 & Elizabeth Teresita Romero-Guzmán 5
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Received: 5 November 2019 / Accepted: 30 January 2020 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Low levels of zinc (Zn) have adverse effects on physiological and metabolic functions in humans, especially in processes linked with obesity. In this work, serum Zn levels and their associations with biochemical parameters (glucose, triglycerides, and total cholesterol), sex, and body mass index (BMI) were determined. The distribution of the study sample by sex was homogeneous: 52.6% were women and 47.4% were men. Women had higher BMI and Zn levels (normal weight and obesity) than men, but the differences in BMI and serum Zn levels by sex were not significant (p > 0.05). Nevertheless, the results obtained showed a decrease in serum Zn levels in overweight and obese individuals (p < 0.05) and a negative correlation between BMI and serum Zn levels (r = − 0.663 and p < 0.001); additionally, a significant correlation was identified between cholesterol and triglyceride values (r = 0.493 and p < 0.001). In conclusion, this study demonstrated decreased serum Zn levels in overweight and obese individuals. Keywords Zinc . Young adults . Overweight . Obesity
Introduction Obesity is a global disease and constitutes a major public health problem, affecting billions of people worldwide [1, 2]. In Mexico, the rates of overweight and obesity have increased several fold during the last two decades, and Mexico is the country with the second highest rate of obesity in the adult population and the highest rate of childhood obesity [3–5]. Overweight and obesity are considered the main * Héctor Hernández-Mendoza [email protected] 1
Unidad de Posgrado, Facultad de Enfermería y Nutrición, UASLP, Avda. Niño Artillero 130, CP 78210 San Luis Potosí, S.L.P., Mexico
2
Sección de Medicina Molecular y Traslacional, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de Salud y Biomedicina. UASLP, Avda Sierra Leona 550, CP 78210 San Luis, S.L.P., Mexico
3
Instituto de Investigación de Zonas Desérticas, UASLP, Altair 200, CP 78377 San Luis, S.L.P., Mexico
4
Universidad del Centro de México, Capitán Caldera 75, CP 78250 San Luis, S.L.P., Mexico
5
Laboratorio Nacional de Investigaciones en Forense Nuclear (LANAFONU), Gerencia de Tecnología Nuclear, Dirección de Investigación Tecnológica, Carretera México s/n, CP 52750 Toluca, La Marquesa Ocoyoacác, Mexico
modifiable and preventable risk factors for the development of chronic degenerative diseases [6–10]; for example, 90% of cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus are attributable to overweight and obesity, and cardiovascular diseases, cancer, respiratory diseases, hypertension, dementia, and osteoarthritis are also associated with overweight and obesity. Premature mortality in adulthood has been associated with overweight and obesity in childhood and adolescence
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