Associations of dietary inflammatory index, serum levels of MCP-1 and body composition in Iranian overweight and obese w
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RESEARCH NOTE
Associations of dietary inflammatory index, serum levels of MCP‑1 and body composition in Iranian overweight and obese women: a cross‑sectional study Nasim Ghodoosi1, Atieh Mirzababaei1, Elahe Rashidbeygi1, Negin Badrooj1, Seyedeh Forough Sajjadi1, Leila Setayesh1, Mir Saeed Yekaninejad2, Seyed Ali Keshavarz3, Farideh Shiraseb1 and Khadijeh Mirzaei1*
Abstract Objective: Although, several studies have illustrated that there is a relation between dietary inflammatory index (DII) with obesity-related parameters, and inflammation, their results were controversial. This study aimed to investigate this relationship among Iranian women. Results: Multivariable linear regression showed that fat mass was 0.14 kg lower in the anti-inflammatory diet group, with respect to the pro-inflammatory group, after adjusting covariates such as age, physical activity, economic and job status (β = − 0.142, 95% CI − 4.44, − 1.71, P = 0.03). Fat-free mass (FFM) was 1.5 kg more in the anti-inflammatory diet group, compared to the pro-inflammatory diet group, after adjusting for potentials cofounders (β = 1.50, 95% CI 0, 3.01, p = 0.05). Furthermore, after adjusting for potentials cofounders, it was revealed that the subjects with lower DII had lower monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) levels in serum (β = − 18.81, 95% CI − 35.84, − 1.79, p = 0.03). These findings suggest an inverse and significant relationship between DII and FFM and also DII is directly related to Fat mass and the level of MCP-1. This finding can be used for developing interventions that aim to promote healthy eating to prevent inflammation and non-communicable disease development among obese females. Keywords: Dietary inflammatory index, Overweight, Obesity, Body composition, Body fat mass, Fat-free mass, MCP-1 Introduction Over the past 3 decades, the prevalence of obesity has nearly doubled worldwide [1]. The mean Body mass index(BMI) for women rose by 0.5 kg/m2 per decade from 1980 to 2008 globally [2]. Notably, it has been suggested that more than 21% of women will be obese by 2030 internationally [3]. Obesity results in inflammation
*Correspondence: [email protected] 1 Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), P.O. Box: 14155‑6117, Tehran, Iran Full list of author information is available at the end of the article
cascade [4] and increased the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), hypertension (HTN), and stroke [5-8]. Obesity is contributed to low-grade systemic inflammation however, the exact underlying molecular pathway did not understand completely. It has been proposed, however, that this inflammation is created by pro-inflammatory cytokines produced by infiltrated macrophages in adipose tissue [9–11]. The underlying mechanism can be explained by penetration macrophage into adipose tissue, some chemotactic molecules such as monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), are secreted by white adipose tissue (WAT) [12]
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