Association of urinary chlorophenols with central obesity in Korean girls
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Association of urinary chlorophenols with central obesity in Korean girls Moon Young Seo 1 & Man Ho Choi 2 & Youngmin Hong 3 & Shin-Hye Kim 1 & Mi Jung Park 1 Received: 9 May 2020 / Accepted: 25 August 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract This study aimed to assess the association between urinary concentrations of chlorophenols and childhood central obesity. The study subjects were 165 girls (91 with central obesity and 74 with non-central obesity) aged 7–8 years who visited a hospital for regular health check-ups. The urinary concentrations of chlorophenols including 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP), 2,5-dichlorophenol (2,5-DCP), 2,4,5-trichlorophenol (2,4,5-TCP), and 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (2,4,6-TCP) were analyzed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The central obesity group showed significantly higher urinary concentrations of 2,5-DCP (0.56 vs. 0.28 ng/mL) and 2,4,5-TCP (0.06 vs. 0.03 ng/mL) than the non-central obesity group. The sum of molar concentrations of urinary chlorophenols was also significantly higher in the central obesity group than in the non-central obesity group (9.83 vs. 5.26 nmol/L). Girls in the highest quartile of the molar sum of chlorophenols showed significantly higher body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) compared with the lowest quartile after adjusting for covariates. WC and WHtR, but not BMI, were significantly associated with higher quartiles of the molar sum of chlorophenols (P-for-trend = 0.025 and 0.028, respectively). We found a positive association between chlorophenol exposure and central obesity in Korean girls. Large-scale prospective studies are needed to confirm our findings. Keywords Chlorophenols . Central obesity . Waist circumference . Waist-to-height ratio . Body mass index . Girl . Korea
Introduction Chlorophenols are chemical compounds with one or more chlorides attached to a phenol group and are primarily used in the production of insecticides, herbicides, deodorizers, and pharmaceuticals (Parastar et al. 2018). In addition, some chlorophenols are produced during water chlorination or during the bleaching process of wood pulp with chlorine (Yu Shin-Hye Kim and Mi Jung Park share senior authorship. Responsible Editor: Lotfi Aleya * Shin-Hye Kim [email protected] * Mi Jung Park [email protected] 1
Department of Pediatrics, Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital, 1342, Dongil-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01757, Korea
2
Molecular Recognition Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Korea
3
R&D Center, Shimadzu Scientific Korea Corp., Seoul 08506, Korea
et al. 2019). Human exposure to chlorophenols can occur through consumption of contaminated foods and drinking water, dermal contact, and inhalation of polluted air (Ahlborg et al. 1980). Elimination of chlorophenols from the body after exposure occurs mainly through the urine (92%) and the feces (6%) (Bahig et al. 1981). Human and animal in vivo studies suggest that biological half-li
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