Audio watermarking technique in frequency domain: comparative study MDCT Vs DCT
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Audio watermarking technique in frequency domain: comparative study MDCT Vs DCT Maha Bellaaj 1
& Kaϊs Ouni
1
Received: 28 July 2019 / Revised: 3 June 2020 / Accepted: 13 July 2020 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract
Digital watermarking is the art of hiding information in a digital document in order to protect it. The inserted mark and the marked document can be an image, an audio or a video. In this article, we will present a comparative study between two variants of a digital audio watermarking technique operating in the frequency domain. In the first variant, the time-frequency mapping is performed by Modified Discrete Cosine Transform (MDCT). For the second variant, the time-frequency mapping is performed by the Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT). We will study the contribution of each transformation, point of view robustness against different types of attacks delivered by Stirmark audio, imperceptibility by using a statistical approach by calculating the SNR and an objective approach by calculating the ODG notes given by PEAQ and capacity of insertion. Finally, to highlight our results, we will compare the two variants of the proposed technique with some other existing techniques. Keywords Watermarking . Digital . Audio . MDCT . DCT . Imperceptibility . Robustness . SNR . ODG . PEAQ
1 Introduction In the world of signal processing, digitizing data is a recent revolution. Indeed, the transition from analog to digital has allowed more convenient handling, faster transmission, more economical storage, more efficient indexing and easier copying [10]. So, and by easily obtaining the identical copy, the digital has favored piracy and digital documents such as
* Maha Bellaaj [email protected] * Kaϊs Ouni [email protected]
1
Research Laboratory Smart Electricity & ICT, SEICT, LR18ES44, National Engineering School of Carthage, ENICarthage, University of Carthage, Tunis, Tunisia
Multimedia Tools and Applications
images, audio and video become unprotected. Faced with this problem, the owner of the works is scattered between two requirements: the dream of being the only author of the work, and the fear of the risk of illegal copies and thus losing its intellectual property. Several methods have been proposed to prevent or at least slow down the copying of these multimedia works. We quote cryptography. But this method has limits and it is no longer effective as soon as these documents are decrypted: there is no way to check the original author. As a remedy, appears the digital watermarking [3, 5, 21] to constitute an effective solution for the protection of the digital documents. Its basic idea is to insert information robustly and imperceptibly into multimedia documents [12]. According to the literature, digital watermarking began in 1954 with Emil Hembrooke from Muzac Company, where he filed a patent entitled “Identification of sound and like signals” in which he described a method to integrate imperceptibly a code of identification in music for the purpos
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