Auxiliary Dynamic Damping Loop in the Microgrid for Enhancing Frequency Recovery Rate
With the increasing penetration rate of the renewable energy sources in the microgrid, the state-of-stability (SoS) in the system is decreasing. The deep-down issue is rooted in the loss of inertia. Eventually, in recent time, the research in the field of
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and Pravat Kumar Rout
Abstract With the increasing penetration rate of the renewable energy sources in the microgrid, the state-of-stability (SoS) in the system is decreasing. The deep-down issue is rooted in the loss of inertia. Eventually, in recent time, the research in the field of virtual inertia emulation schemes has gained a lot of momentum. The virtual inertia can potentially improve the SoS in the microgrid. However, another major concern in the static generator-based microgrid, the frequency recovery rate, cannot be improved through virtual inertial support. Therefore, concerned with this issue, an auxiliary dynamic damping loop (ADDL) has been introduced in the study to work synchronously with the existing virtual inertial loop. The performance of the ADDL-based scheme has been evaluated in the ARM Cortex A-72 processor-driven prototype hardware model and found a significant improvement. Keywords Microgrid · Frequency recovery · Virtual inertia · Virtual damping · Fuzzy · HDL coding · ARM cortex
1 Introduction The concept of microgrid was first evolved to integrate multiple numbers of smallcapacity-distributed generators nearer to the distributed local loads in a closed-loop circuit. The kind of distributed generators considered in a microgrid is mostly renewable in nature [1]. Moreover, most of the renewable power generators are static in nature [2]. Therefore, these kinds of sources do not offer any rotational inertia to the network. Moreover, having converter integrated topology, the only potential source of rotational inertia, the wind generators also lack to provide any kind of inertial P. Bhowmik (B) Department of Electrical Engineering, ITER, Siksha O Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751030, India e-mail: [email protected] P. K. Rout Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, ITER, Siksha O Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751030, India e-mail: [email protected] © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021 R. Sharma et al. (eds.), Green Technology for Smart City and Society, Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems 151, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8218-9_6
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support to the network [3]. As a result, the microgrid is considered as a non-inertial system. From the conceptualization period of the grid, alternators are used to operate in parallel to share the total load demand. An alternator can characteristically operate in parallel and share power according to its leakage reactance without demanding any reference signal [4]. Electrically, the amount of power sharing can be regulated in an alternator by regulating the leakage reactance externally [5]. Furthermore, by regulating the governor setting, the input mechanical power to the alternator can be adjusted. Thus, the amount of power sharing can be regulated precisely [6]. However, to achieve satisfactory parallel operation of converters, conveniently, individual p
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