Beauvericin alters the expression of genes coding for key proteins of the mitochondrial chain in ovine cumulus-oocyte co
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Beauvericin alters the expression of genes coding for key proteins of the mitochondrial chain in ovine cumulus-oocyte complexes Antonella Mastrorocco 1,2 & Elena Ciani 1 & Luigi Nicassio 1 & Bernard A. J. Roelen 3 & Fiorenza Minervini 4 & Maria Elena Dell’Aquila 1 Received: 10 February 2020 / Revised: 9 September 2020 / Accepted: 15 September 2020 # Society for Mycotoxin (Research Gesellschaft für Mykotoxinforschung e.V.) and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Beauvericin (BEA) is a member of the enniatin family of mycotoxins which has received increasing interest because of frequent occurrence in food and feed. By its ionophoric properties, BEA is able to alter membrane ion permeability uncoupling oxidative phosphorylation. It was also shown to alter oocyte mitochondrial function. In this study, the effects of BEA at 0.5, 1, ,3 and 5 μmol/L on expression of genes coding for key proteins of the mitochondrial chain in ovine oocytes and cumulus cells were evaluated at different time points of in vitro maturation (IVM), germinal vesicle (GV; t = 0), metaphase I (MI; t = 7 h), and metaphase II (MII; t = 24 h). The expression of nuclear (TFAM, NDUFA12, UQCRH, COX4, ATP5O) and mitochondrial (ND1, COX1, COX2, ATP6, ATP8) genes coding for proteins of Complexes I, III, IV, and V was analyzed by qRT-PCR. After BEA exposure, perturbed expression of all genes was observed in cumulus cells and in oocytes at the MI stage (7 h IVM). Expression of ND1, UQCRH, COX4 and ATP5O was downregulated in cumulus cells and upregulated in oocytes starting from 0.5 μmol/L BEA. Expression of TFAM, NDUFA12, COX1, COX2, ATP6, and ATP8 was upregulated starting from 1 μmol/L in cumulus cells and from 3 μmol/L in oocytes. Cumulus cells and oocytes displayed different gene expression patterns upon BEA exposure. The downregulation in cumulus cells of four genes coding for proteins of mitochondrial complexes could represent a major toxic event induced by BEA on the cumulus-oocyte complex which may result in mitochondrial functional alteration. Keywords Beauvericin . Mitochondria . Gene expression . Cumulus cells . Oocyte . Ovine
Abbreviations ABC ATP-binding cassette Fiorenza Minervini and Maria Elena Dell’Aquila contributed equally to this work. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s12550-020-00409-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Antonella Mastrorocco [email protected] 1
Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
2
Present address: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
3
Department of Clinical Sciences, Embryology, Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
4
Institute of Sciences of Food Productions (ISPA), CNR, Bari, Italy
ATP ATP5O ATP6 ATP8 BEA COC COX EFSA GV IVM MI MII mtDNA ND NDUFA12 OXPHOS TFAM UQCRH
Adenosine triphosp
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