Beneficial Effects of Silicon (Si) on Sea Barley ( Hordeum marinum Huds.) under Salt Stress
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Beneficial Effects of Silicon (Si) on Sea Barley (Hordeum marinum Huds.) under Salt Stress Israa Laifa 1 & Mounir Hajji 2 & Nèjia Farhat 1 & Amine Elkhouni 1 & Abderrazak Smaoui 1 & Adel M’nif 2 & Ahmed Hichem Hamzaoui 2 & Arnould Savouré 3 & Chedly Abdelly 1 & Walid Zorrig 1 Received: 12 July 2020 / Accepted: 7 October 2020 # Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract Silicon (Si) plays an important role in providing beneficial effects on plant growth and yield, especially under stressful environments such as salinity. The objective of this work is to study the effects of a fertilizer based on silicon (Na2SiO3 synthesized from Tunisian silica sand) on sea barley (Hordeum marinum Huds.) under salt stress. Due to its forage potentialities, this species presents a very interesting capacity for the rehabilitation of non-productive marginal areas. Forty-two-day-old H. marinum plants were exposed to three concentrations of Na2SiO3 (0, 1, or 2 mM) in the absence or presence of salt (0 or 150 mM NaCl). The examination of the growth parameters, water status, lipid peroxidation, photosynthetic gas exchange, photosynthetic pigment contents, and chlorophyll fluorescence proved that silicon is a great interest support for the remediation of the deleterious effects of salt stress. Therefore, our fertilizer can be considered as an effective solution to cope with salt stress and promote the development of marginal lands. Taking into consideration its high efficiency and its low production cost, this product can compete with other fertilizers. Keywords Silicon . Salinity . Hordeum marinum . Growth . Water status . Photosynthetic activity
1 Introduction Environmental stresses are the main factors affecting crop yields. About 3.6 billion of the world’s 5.2 billion hectares of dry land, used for agriculture, have already suffered soil degradation, erosion, and salinization [1]. This situation is very worrying in the arid and semi-arid regions where climate change is mainly marked by a noticeable increase in the average temperature and a pronounced decline in rainfall.
* Walid Zorrig [email protected] 1
Laboratoire des Plantes Extrêmophiles (LPE), Centre de Biotechnologie de Borj-Cédria (CBBC), BP901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisie
2
Laboratoire de Valorisation des Matériaux Utiles (LVMU), Centre National de Recherches en Sciences des Matériaux (CNRSM), Technopole de Borj-Cédria, BP 73, 8027 Soliman, Tunisie
3
Sorbonne Université, CNRS, IRD, INRA, PARIS 7, UPEC, Institut d’Écologie et des Sciences de l’Environnement de Paris, iEES, F-75005 Paris, France
Salinity is one of the most major environmental factors limiting crop plant productivity, especially in arid and semi-arid regions [2]. According to Abdelly et al. (2011) [3], about 1.5 billion hectares of soils suffer excessive salt levels throughout the world. Tunisia is one of the most salinity-endangered countries whose salt-affected soils cover about 1.5 million hectares or about 10% of the country’s surface area and 18% of its arable land [3]. To remedy the depress
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