Biodiversity and Savanna Ecosystem Processes A Global Perspective
Savannas are the most widespread ecosystem in the tropics and as such are subjected to great human pressure that may result in massive soil degradation. The book addresses the role of species in the function of savanna ecosystems. It is shown that savanna
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Edited by G. Heldmaier, Marburg, FRG O.L. Lange, Wurzburg, FRG H.A. Mooney, Stanford, USA U. Sommer, Kiel, FRG
121
Ecological Studies Volumes published since 1990 are listed at the end of this book.
Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York Barcelona Budapest Hong Kong London Milan Paris Santa Clara Singapore Tokyo
D.T. Solbrig
E. Medina
J.F. Silva
(Eds.)
Biodiversity and Savanna Ecosystelll
Processes
A Global Perspective
With 40 Figures
Springer
T. SOLBRIG Harvard University Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology 22 Divinity Avenue Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02138 USA PROF. DR. OTTO
PROF. DR. ERNESTO MEDINA
Centro de Ecologia Instituto Venezelano de Investigaciones Cientificas Aptdo. 21827 1020-A Caracas Venezuela
F. SILVA Universidad de los Andes CIELAT, Facultad de Ciencias Merida Venezuela PROF.DR. JUAN
ISBN-13: 978-3-642-78971-7 Library of Congress Catolging-in-Publication Data Biodiversity and savanna ecosystem processes: a global perspective / O.T. Solbrig, E. Medina, J.F. Silva (eds.). p. cm.- (Ecological studies: v. 121) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN -13.978-3-642-78971-7 e-ISBN-13'978-3-642-78969-4 DOl .'0.'007/978-3-642-78969-4 1. Savanna ecology. 2. Biodiversity. 3. Species diversity. I. Solbrig, Otto Thomas. II. Medina, Ernesto. III. Silva, J.F. (JUan F.), 194'-. IV Series. QH541.5.P7B561995 574ยท5'2652-P Eriation 1219 9 1067 6 1239 10 1187 6 1037 6 1051 8 1066 9 1211 8 1028 9 992 9 1071 8 1008 7 969 8 1159 4 1199 9 962 6 1124 8 1124 8 1136 12 997 6 1134 8 1182 6 1199 8 1222 5 1145 4 1145 6 1216 9 1051 5 1172 6
Country
Brazil Tanzania Brazil Tanzania Zaire Ivory Coast Venezuela Sudan Venezuela Benin Nigeria Thailand Ethiopia Central Africa Sierra Leone Venezuela Venezuela Venezuela Venezuela Vigeria Sudan Nigeria Nigeria l\!igeria Nigeria Nigeria Sudan India
Table 1.1 (cont.) Locality
Recife Morogoro Barra Do Cor Kigoma Barumbu Tabou Santa Elena Juba San Fernando Benin Makurdi Phuket Gambela Raga Lungi Barinas Villa Bruzual Calabozo EIBaul Yola Malakal Minna Jos Bauchi Yelwa Kano En Nahud Bangalore
-8.04 -6.57 -5.35 -4.53 1.15 4.25 4.36 4.52 5.54 6.19 7.42 7.58 8.15 8.28 8.37 8.38 8.40 8.56 8.58 9.13 9.33 9.37 9.54 10.20 10.50 12.02 12.42 12.58
Lat
-34.53 37.40 -45.28 29.38 23.29 -7.22 -61.07 31.36 -67.28 5.37 8.35 98.24 34.35 25.41 -13.12 -70.12 -69.18 -67.20 -68.17 12.29 31.39 6.32 8.53 9.50 4.45 8.32 28.26 77.35
Long
10 633 82 885 24 6 998 457 73 86 121 3 l345 503 27 180 104 119 102 707 388 1059 1330 681 260 511 564 921
Alt
Average Temperature Year 26 24 26 24 25 26 22 26 27 26 27 28 27 26 26 26 26 28 26 28 27 27 22 25 27 27 26 24
Month with more than 150mm 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Precipitation Month with Total less than 20mm 1757 0 859 4 1074 4 961 4 1798 0 2383 0 1796 0 982 3 1431 3 2076 1 1405 4 2211 0 1240 3 1146 5 3318 2 1461 2 1493 2 4 l303 l312 3 967 5 783 5 1375 5 1404 4 1097 5 964 6 869 7 423 6 924 4
Potential No. pi evapotrans- Month withET>P Eriation 1184 5 1146 9 1193 8 1118 7 3 1158 1186 4 1034 4
