Biogas yield assessment from the anaerobic co-digestion of food waste and cymbopogon citratus
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Biogas yield assessment from the anaerobic co‑digestion of food waste and cymbopogon citratus H. I. Owamah1,2 Received: 23 April 2020 / Accepted: 16 July 2020 © Springer Japan KK, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract This study, aimed at maximizing the biogas yield from the co-digestion of food waste (FW) and cymbopogon citratus (CC) was done in reactors (Rs) I–V at temperature of 36 ± 2 °C. Rs I, II, III, IV and V with respective FW: CC of 100:0; 80:20; 60:40; 40:60; 0:100 had mean biogas yield of 0.41 ± 0.02, 0.68 ± 0.05, 0.49 ± 0.02, 0.29 ± 0.01, and 0.22 ± 0.03 L/gVS, respectively. From the modeling result, while R I had the least latency (λ) of 3.9, RV had the highest value of 11.2 days. RII also had a reasonably low latency (λ) of 5.2 days. Top maximum specific biogas yield (Rm) of 0.48 L/gVS/day and maximum biogas production potential (A) of 19.9 L/gVS were obtained from RII. The high R2 values of 0.99–0.89 obtained from the simulation analysis showed a good fit with the modified Gompertz model. The study has revealed that FW: CC of 80: 20% could be most appropriate for optimal biogas production. Keywords Waste management · Renewable energy · Anaerobic digestion · Biogas · Optimization study
Introduction The importance of energy in the growth and development of a country’s economy cannot be overemphasized. Until recently, the world had majorly relied on fossil fuels for industrial, transportation, and domestic needs [1]. These are, however, non-renewable and their consumption leads to the disruption of the environment. The use of fossil fuels is also heavily linked to greenhouse gas emission such as carbon (IV) oxide [2]. Research has shown that current energy production matrix comprises 85% fossil fuels [3–5]. Furthermore, excessive and continuing use of fossil fuel has been predicted to cause energy crisis sooner or later. Its era is also speculated to end in about five decades to come due to non-renewability of sources [6–8]. Resolving these challenges requires the adoption of C O2 neutral fuel systems [9]. These, coupled with unsteady price of crude and over dependence on oil import have led to prolific research into * H. I. Owamah [email protected]; [email protected] 1
Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Delta State University, Abraka, PMB 1, Oleh Campus, Nigeria
Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Landmark University, Omu‑Aran, Kwara, Nigeria
2
renewable energy sources most especially, biogas production from anaerobic digestion [10]. In anaerobic digestion, an array of microorganisms breaks down organic substances to generate biogas (methane and carbon (IV) oxide). These microbes depending on their metabolic pathways could be hydrolytic, acidogenic, acetogenic, or methanogenic [11, 12]. In a developing country like Nigeria, bioenergy could serve as useful renewable energy alternative with little or no economic and environmental burdens. Studies have shown that mono-anaerobic digestion of many degradabl
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