Biogas production from waste pulps of cassava ( Manihot esculenta Crantz) via anaerobic digestion
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Biogas production from waste pulps of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) via anaerobic digestion Reymar H. Jaro1 • Mark Anthony A. Icalina1 • Romnick T. Talemporos1 Princess M. Napinˇas1 • Don Nelson C. Potato1 • Lover G. Manuel1 • Greg M. Cubio1 • Alexander L. Ido1 • Renato O. Arazo1 1
•
College of Engineering and Technology, University of Science and Technology of Southern Philippines, 9004 Claveria, Philippines
Received: 23 January 2020 / Revised: 28 July 2020 / Accepted: 30 July 2020 The Joint Center on Global Change and Earth System Science of the University of Maryland and Beijing Normal University 2020
Abstract The huge volume of wastes generated from industries kindles immediate attention, especially those wastes that bring adverse effects to humans and the environment. For one, cassava waste pulps (CWPs) from starch-producing industries are needing attention for its alternate disposal by making value-adding products out of it. In this work, the CWP with pig manure as inoculum was anaerobically digested for the possible production of biogas. The effect of the concentration of pig manure (CPM) and biomass to water ratio (BMR) was scientifically analyzed in relation to biogas yield. The central composite design of the response surface methodology was used as the design of the experiment. Biogas yield was modeled and characterized according to essential properties. The result of the batch experiment obtained a biogas yield of 4.9–7.3 L per kg of CWP. At optimized conditions of 250 gVS of CPM and 1:1.22 BWR (kg/L), the optimum biogas volume was 7.43 ± 0.58 L per kg of CWP. Analysis of the produced biogas via gas chromatography showed a significant concentration of biohydrogen (18.69 ± 1.71%), a highly desirable upshot considering that this gas is highly flammable with less emissions when combusted. Other percent components of the produced biogas include carbon dioxide (38.02 ± 0.71), nitrogen (20.77 ± 1.59), and a trace of methane (0.73 ± 0.28). This work, therefore, proved that CWP can be used for the production of biogas and would eventually provide practical solutions to starch processing industries as it gives promising lucrative routes of CWP with added commercial worth in the production of high-value energy resources like the desirable H2 gas. It
& Reymar H. Jaro [email protected]
poises high potentials with less socio-economic apprehensions while offers numerous environmental advantages. Keywords Anaerobic digestion Biogas Biohydrogen Cassava waste pulps CO2 emissions Hydrogen Steam methane reforming
1 Introduction The increasing demand for starch from cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) has been generating tons of wastes during production (Ekop et al. 2019; Jha et al. 2013). It is estimated that 20–25% by mass of the cassava during starch production is discarded as cassava waste pulps (CWPs) (Ahou et al. 2019). For instance, in the Philippines, there is significant CWP generation considering the production of cassava of 773.15 thousand metric tons in 2019 (Mapa
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