Biological control of white grubs, Holotrichia serrata (Fabricius) in sugarcane by two species of entomopathogenic fungi
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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE
Biological control of white grubs, Holotrichia serrata (Fabricius) in sugarcane by two species of entomopathogenic fungi, Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana B. Ramanujam 1 & A.C. Hosamani 2 & B. Poornesha 1 & E. Sowmya 2 Received: 8 May 2020 / Accepted: 14 September 2020 # African Association of Insect Scientists 2020
Abstract Sugarcane is one of the important commercial crop in India and white grubs are one of the serious pests of this crop. The present study was taken up to study the efficacy of entomopathogenic fungi against Holotrichia serrata (Fabricius) in sugarcane. Laboratory bioassay studies were conducted using five strains of Metarhizium anisopliae (ICAR-NBAIR Ma-4, Ma-6, Ma-11, Ma-14a & Ma-35) and one strain of Beauveria bassiana (ICAR-NBAIR Bb-5a) on third instar grubs of H. serrata at the concentration of 1 × 108 spores/ml. M. anisopliae (ICAR-NBAIR Ma-4) strain showed 100% mortality of the grubs and the rest of the strains showed 56–80% mortality of H. serrata. Dose and time mortality studies with aqueous spore suspensions and talc formulation (2% WP) of M. anisopliae (ICAR-NBAIR Ma-4 strain) showed LC50 value of 6.67 × 104 spores/ml and 1.72 g/l andLT50 value of 122.02 h at spore dose of 1 × 108 spores/ml and 183.86 h at the dose of 5 g/l. Further field evaluation was conducted in white grub infested sugarcane during 2016–17 and 2017–18 using M. anisopliae (ICAR-NBAIR Ma-4 strain) and B. bassiana (ICAR-NBAIR Bb-5a) for management of white grubs, H. serrata in Karnataka state of India. The results showed soil applications of 250 kg of M. anisopliae, (ICAR-NBAIR Ma-4) enriched Farmyard manure per hectare two times (June & July) effectively reduced the grub population of H. serrata by 86–89% leading to reduced plant damage and increased yield (33– 34%). This treatment was better than the insecticidal application in the management of sugarcane white grubs. Keywords Sugarcane . Entomopathogenic fungus . Metarhizium anisopliae . Holotrichia serrata . Natural enemies
Introduction Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) is one of the important commercial crops in India by contributing in many ways to the Indian economy. India is the second largest producer of sugarcane in the world with an area coverage of 5.01 m ha with an annual production of 350.02 MT and productivity of 69.83 t/ ha (Anonymous 2015). In Karnataka, sugarcane occupies an area of 4.36 lakh ha with a production of 35.9 MT of cane and with a productivity of 95.35 t/ha of sugarcane (Anonymous
* B. Ramanujam [email protected] 1
Division of Germplasm, Conservation and Utilisation, ICAR-National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources, H. A. Farm post, Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore, Karnataka 560024, India
2
Main Agricultural Research Station, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur, Karnataka, India
2018). Karnataka has got favourable soil and climatic conditions for higher productivity of sugarcane. Sugarcane pests like borers, root/white grubs, whiteflies, scale insects and woolly aphid
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