Conservation of Xylose Fermentability in Phlebia Species and Direct Fermentation of Xylan by Selected Fungi
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Conservation of Xylose Fermentability in Phlebia Species and Direct Fermentation of Xylan by Selected Fungi Ichiro Kamei 1,2
1
& Kana Uchida & Virginia Ardianti
1
Received: 26 March 2020 / Accepted: 22 June 2020/ # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract
In efforts to lower the cost of total conversion of lignocellulosic materials, utilization of hemicellulose must be considered. White-rot fungus Phlebia sp. MG-60 can produce ethanol directly from cellulose and has fermentation ability for glucose, cellulose, and xylose. Therefore, white-rot fungi can be considered a good candidate for consolidated bioprocessing to give bioethanol from lignocellulosic biomass, although little information is available on the direct fermentation of xylan. In the present study, some Phlebia species were selected as candidates because of their ability to ferment xylose to ethanol more efficiently than Phlebia sp. MG-60. This process indicated that the basidiomycetes that can produce ethanol from xylose are closely related genetically within the Phlebia genus. The selected Phlebia species showed higher ethanol productivity from corn core and beechwood xylans than Phlebia sp. MG-60. The ethanol yields from corn core xylan in culture with Phlebia acerina HHB11146, Phlebia ludoviciana HHB9640, and Phlebia subochracea HHB8494 were 46.2%, 46.7%, and 39.7% of theoretical maximum, and those from beechwood xylan were 19.09%, 17.7%, and 21.4% of the theoretical maximum, respectively. Keywords Xylose fermentation . Xylan fermentation . Basidiomycetes . Phlebia genus . Bioethanol
* Ichiro Kamei [email protected]–u.ac.jp
1
Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, 1-1, Gakuen-kibanadai-nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
2
Graduate School of Agriculture and Engineering, University of Miyazaki, 1-1, Gakuen-kibanadai-nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology
Introduction Emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG) due to human activities, the root cause of global warming, continue to increase [1]. Although increasing of GHG emission already have diverse impacts on human and their environment, CO2 emission from fossil fuels has risen by 2.6% from 2016 to 2018 in the world [2, 3]. A continued demand for fossil fuels and an increase in coal consumption have also resulted in the sever health problem attributable to ambient air pollution remaining stagnant [3]. In the transport sector, the shift from gasoline and diesel to clean energy is essential in order to decrease the air pollution and to achieve the Paris Agreement’s target “holding the increase in the global average temperature to well below 2 °C above pre-industrial levels and pursuing efforts to limit the temperature increase to 1.5 °C” [3]. The increase of the bioethanol and other biofuels used as a transportation fuel can be adapted in the short term with current infrastructure by the blending with gasoline [4]. The main reason is that the biogenic effect of using a renewable energy like the bioethanol helps in the reducti
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