Biologically Active Substances from Wild Fruits and Berries at the Piedmont of the Republic of Adygea
The article presents the results of the research of functional properties of wild fruits and berries of the Republic of Adygea piedmont. The study of the eight most promising for processing species of wild fruits and berries (blood-red hawthorn, Cornelian
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Contents 1 Introduction 2 Fruits and Berries of Wild Plants of the Republic of Adygea 2.1 Characteristics of the Distribution Area 2.2 Source of Biologically Active Substances 2.3 Functional Properties 3 Eco-food Construction 4 Conclusions References
Abstract The article presents the results of the research of functional properties of wild fruits and berries of the Republic of Adygea piedmont. The study of the eight most promising for processing species of wild fruits and berries (blood-red hawthorn, Cornelian cherry, European dogwood, blackthorn, oriental apple tree, Caucasian blackberry, Caucasian blueberry, hedge rose) has shown that they contain a significant amount of biologically active substances (vitamins C and PP, carotene, etc.), a significant part of which are pectic substances, which serve as effective functional ingredients. The highest content of pectin substances is found in the oriental apple tree, 7.97%; in the hedge rose, 7.90%; in the Caucasian blueberry, 7.27%; and in other species, from 1.66 to 5.40%. Thus, the use of wild fruits and berries on the basis of the Adygea tea will expand the assortment of ecologically safe and functional foods that can correct the human food status. Keywords Biologically active substances, Distribution area, Fruits and berries, Functional properties, Pectin substances, The Adygea piedmont, Wild plants
Z. N. Khatko (*) and T. B. Kolotiy Maykop State Technological University, Maykop, The Republic of Adygea, Russian Federation e-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] Murat K. Bedanokov, Sergey A. Lebedev, and Andrey G. Kostianoy (eds.), The Republic of Adygea Environment, Hdb Env Chem, DOI 10.1007/698_2020_570, © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Z. N. Khatko and T. B. Kolotiy
1 Introduction A characteristic feature of the Republic of Adygea – forests is the considerable presence of wild plants in them, which are of great national economic importance. The Republic has the richest resources of wild fruit and berry crops. This provides ample opportunities for creating a diverse range of environmentally friendly food products. More than 20 species of wild fruit and berry plants are used for food purposes. Wide application of forest fruits and berries in human nutrition and medicine is due to the presence of biologically active substances in them that has positive effect on the body. Fruits and berries of wild plants are not inferior to the cultural ones by their nutritional value, and even exceed them by the content of vitamins [1]. Fruits and berries of wild plants are a source of dietary fiber, as well as various biologically active substances, due to which about half of daily human needs are met, which makes them indispensable in modern man’s diet. Biologically active compounds in plants can purposefully cause a number of versatile positive physiological effects in the human body on condition that they are biocompatible. Huge nutritional and medicinal value of fruits and berries of wild plants is also determined by a high content of pectin substances.
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