Investigation of Zn(II) Adsorption from Aqueous Solution onto Copper Oxide with Different Morphologies: Optimization Usi
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HYSICAL CHEMISTRY OF SURFACE PHENOMENA
Investigation of Zn(II) Adsorption from Aqueous Solution onto Copper Oxide with Different Morphologies: Optimization Using Response Surface Methodology Jamileh Kondabeya, Mohammad Hossein Ghorbanib,*, Hossien Aghaiea, and Reza Fazaelib a
Department of Chemistry, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran b Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, South Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran * e-mail: [email protected] Received July 17, 2019; revised July 17, 2019; accepted December 17, 2019
Abstract—This study was conducted to synthesize copper(II) oxides (CuO) with dendrite, leaf and feather morphologies. Synthesized CuO with dendrite and leaf morphologies were characterized by XRD, SEM, and BET/BJH and CuO with feather morphology with XRD, SEM, BET/BJH, FTIR, TEM, and DRS techniques. The effect of various CuO morphologies on Zn(II) adsorption was investigated. Among the morphologies observed in all experiments, feather morphology showed the highest efficiency. In order to evaluate the parameters X1 (mass of adsorbent (CuO feather)), X2(pH) and X3 (contact time) in Zn(II) adsorption, the design of the experiment was performed using the Box–Behnken Design (BBD) method. Finally, the optimum conditions, mass of adsorbent (0.14 g), pH (7.99), and contact time (44.78 h) the Zn(II) adsorption efficiency was 99.98%. In the kinetic study of the reaction, it was also found that the adsorption process follows a pseudo-second order kinetic model. Keywords: copper oxide, Zn(II), morphology, adsorption, RSM, BBD DOI: 10.1134/S0036024420090149
INTRODUCTION Heavy metals are released through industrial activities and technology development beyond the natural level in the environment. These metals, due to toxicity, have abnormal effects on the environment and the health of organisms, especially humans [1– 3]. The accumulation of these metals in the food chain and their stability in nature also threatens creatures economically. These metals are introduced into the environment through industry activities such as plating, melting, refining metals, mines, power plants, textile industries, batteries, ceramics and glass. Therefore, the development of methods that can removal heavy metals from the environment is very important [4–8]. There are several methods for removal Zn(II) from aqueous environments such as f locculation, chemical precipitation, ion exchange, electrochemical treatment, membrane separation and reverse osmosis. But these methods include disadvantages such as disposal problems, consuming high amounts of chemicals and high costs [9, 10]. In recent years, in order to overcome these problems, many studies have been carried out to removal of Zn(II), which have attracted considerable attention to the absorption method as on the cost-effective,
high-performance method. Nowadays, metal oxides used many applications in the process of adsorption. Among them, copper oxide has attracted much interest owing to its high theoretica
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