Biotemplate Synthesis of Zinc Sulfide Spheres with High Photocatalytic Performance on Organic Dyes
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JMEPEG https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-020-04966-9
Biotemplate Synthesis of Zinc Sulfide Spheres with High Photocatalytic Performance on Organic Dyes Wenjun Li, Xinpeng He, Kaiyao Xin, Xiangfei He, Hua Lin, Lizhao Qin, and Qing Li (Submitted March 27, 2020; in revised form June 8, 2020) Pure ZnS microspheres were generated via a biotemplate with the assistance of dispersant (methanol). The products were characterized by XRD, SEM, EDS and UV–Vis. By exploring the reaction constitutions, 150 °C and 9 h were found to be the optimal constitution for the synthesis of ZnS microspheres. A possible formation mechanism was proposed based on the experiment results. The roles of methanol and rutin in the forming of ZnS spheres were investigated. Rutin was found to be a key role as the biotemplate to control the diameter of ZnS particles, while methanol as the dispersant to prevent the agglomeration of the product. The as-synthesized pure ZnS microspheres via such a biotemplate method showed remarkable photocatalytic performance toward the degradation of methyl blue. Keywords
biotemplate, photocatalytic performance, rutin, ZnS spheres
1. Introduction With the industrial development, the treatment of dyes, especially toxic organic pollutants, deserves more attention (Ref 1). Therefore, many methods of devoting to degradation the organic dyes are needed. Sodium hypochlorite treatment, adsorption, bio-treatment and photocatalytic are used in degrading organic dyes (Ref 2). Among them, semiconductor catalysis is a simple, economy and recyclable technique to degrade organic dyes to carbon dioxide and water (Ref 3). ZnS is an important II–VI group compound semiconductor for using as the photocatalyst. Compared to CdS, ZnS is environment benign (Ref 4). ZnS exists in two main crystal forms, which are cubic and hexagonal with the band gap of 3.72 and 3.77 eV, respectively (Ref 5). Between them, cubic ZnS is more suitable for using as the photocatalyst than hexagonal one. The optical property of ZnS can be improved by doping many kinds of metal elements (Ref 6-9). But many problems in recycling exist. Thus, some sustainable approaches utilize materials without changing their chemical compositions are proposed. One of them is altering the structure and defects to improve the performance, which is called ‘‘plain’’ (Ref 10, 11). Among the inorganic semiconductors, the morphology of ZnS at nanoscale is one of the richest (Ref 5, 12). Photocatalytic performance can be improved by regulating different morphologies. Different structures (like hierarchical structure and 3D hollow structure) can generate more photon-induced electron–hole pairs and provide large surface area to improve their photocatalyst efficiency (Ref 13, 14). Wenjun Li, Xinpeng He, Kaiyao Xin, Xiangfei He, Hua Lin, Lizhao Qin, and Qing Li, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Technologies of Clean Energies, School of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PeopleÕs Republic of China. Contact e-mail: [email protected].
Journal of Materials E
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