Blended Learning: Educational Innovation for Personalized Learning 1
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Blended Learning, ICBL 2019, held in Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic, in July 2019. The 28 papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 80 submissions. The
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Simon K. S. Cheung · Lap-Kei Lee · Ivana Simonova · Tomas Kozel · Lam-For Kwok (Eds.)
Blended Learning Educational Innovation for Personalized Learning 12th International Conference, ICBL 2019 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic, July 2–4, 2019 Proceedings
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Lecture Notes in Computer Science Commenced Publication in 1973 Founding and Former Series Editors: Gerhard Goos, Juris Hartmanis, and Jan van Leeuwen
Editorial Board Members David Hutchison Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK Takeo Kanade Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA Josef Kittler University of Surrey, Guildford, UK Jon M. Kleinberg Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA Friedemann Mattern ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland John C. Mitchell Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA Moni Naor Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel C. Pandu Rangan Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India Bernhard Steffen TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany Demetri Terzopoulos University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA Doug Tygar University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
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More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/7407
Simon K. S. Cheung Lap-Kei Lee Ivana Simonova Tomas Kozel Lam-For Kwok (Eds.) •
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Blended Learning Educational Innovation for Personalized Learning 12th International Conference, ICBL 2019 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic, July 2–4, 2019 Proceedings
123
Editors Simon K. S. Cheung The Open University of Hong Kong Hong Kong, China
Lap-Kei Lee The Open University of Hong Kong Hong Kong, China
Ivana Simonova Jan Evangelista Purkyne University Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic
Tomas Kozel University of Hradec Kralove Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
Lam-For Kwok City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong, China
ISSN 0302-9743 ISSN 1611-3349 (electronic) Lecture Notes in Computer Science ISBN 978-3-030-21561-3 ISBN 978-3-030-21562-0 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-21562-0 LNCS Sublibrary: SL1 – Theoretical Computer Science and General Issues © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2019 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respec
