Bone regeneration based on nano-hydroxyapatite and hydroxyapatite/chitosan nanocomposites: an in vitro and in vivo compa
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RESEARCH PAPER
Bone regeneration based on nano-hydroxyapatite and hydroxyapatite/chitosan nanocomposites: an in vitro and in vivo comparative study S. Tavakol • M. R. Nikpour • A. Amani • M. Soltani • S. M. Rabiee • S. M. Rezayat P. Chen • M. Jahanshahi
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Received: 6 July 2012 / Accepted: 12 December 2012 Ó Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2012
Abstract Surface morphology, surface wettability, and size distribution of biomaterials affect their in vitro and in vivo bone regeneration potential. Since nano-hydroxyapatite has a great chemical and structural similarity to natural bone and dental tissues, incorporated biomaterial of such products could improve bioactivity and bone bonding ability. In this research, nano-hydroxyapatite (23 ± 0.09 nm) and its composites with variety of chitosan content [2, 4, and 6 g (45 ± 0.19, 32 ± 0.12, and 28 ± 0.12 nm, respectively)] were prepared via an in situ hybridization route. Size distribution of the particles, protein
S. Tavakol and M. R. Nikpour have equally contributed to this work. S. Tavakol A. Amani S. M. Rezayat Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
adsorption, and calcium deposition of powders by the osteoblast cells, gene expression and percentage of new bone formation area were investigated. The highest degree of bone regeneration potential was observed in nano-hydroxyapatite powder, while the bone regeneration was lowest in nano-hydroxyapatite with 6 g of chitosan. Regarding these data, suitable size distribution next to size distribution of hydroxyapatite in bone, smaller size, higher wettability, lower surface roughness of the nano-hydroxyapatite particles and homogeneity in surface resulted in higher protein adsorption, cell differentiation and percentage of bone formation area. Results obtained from in vivo and in vitro tests confirmed the role of surface morphology, surface wettability, mean size and size A. Amani Medical Biomaterials Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
S. Tavakol Student’s Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
M. Soltani P. Chen (&) Department of Chemical Engineering, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada e-mail: [email protected]
M. R. Nikpour S. M. Rabiee M. Jahanshahi (&) Nanotechnology Research Institute, Nanobiotechnology Research Group, Babol University of Technology, P.O. Box 484-47144, Babol, Iran e-mail: [email protected]
S. M. Rabiee Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Babol University of Technology, Babol, Iran
M. R. Nikpour M. Jahanshahi Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Babol University of Technology, Babol, Iran
S. M. Rezayat Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University (IAUPS), Tehran, Iran
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distribution of biomaterial besides surface chemistry as a temporary bone substitute. Keywords
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