Spatial and Temporal Distribution Characteristics of Triazine Herbicides in Typical Agricultural Regions of Liaoning, Ch
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Spatial and Temporal Distribution Characteristics of Triazine Herbicides in Typical Agricultural Regions of Liaoning, China Xiaochun Wang1 · Qinglong Liu2 Received: 25 August 2020 / Accepted: 9 November 2020 / Published online: 20 November 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The aim of the current study was to track the composition, spatial and temporal distribution charactistics of triazine herbicides in arable soils and corns in typical agricultural regions of Liaoning Province, China. All samples were analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). Twelve kinds of triazine herbicides were found including atrazine, simazine, prometryn, propazine, ametryn, metribuzin, simetryn, aziprotryne, cyanizine, atrazinedesethyl, atrazine-desisopropyl and atrazine-desethyl-desisopropyl in the soil samples, of which atrazine, simazine, prometryn, atrazine-desethyl and atrazine-desethyl-desisopropyl were proved to be the predominant species with a high incidence though relatively low contamination level. The maximum concentration of atrazine in the soils was 73.80 µg·kg −1. Five kinds of triazine herbicides were found in corns in the region including atrazine, simazine, prometryn, atrazine-desethyl and atrazine-desethyl-desisopropyl with the detection rate 96.4%, 17.8%, 14.3%, 60.7% and 46.4%, respectively. The maximum contaminant level of atrazine in corns was 12.52 µg·kg−1, which is lower than that regulated in the National Standard of the People’s Republic of China (GB2763-2012). Keywords Spatial and temporal distribution characteristics · Triazine herbicides · Typical agricultural regions · High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Triazines are a large group of herbicides widely used to control the propagation of many annual broadleaf and grassy weeds by interfering in the photosynthetic electron transport chain in susceptible plants (Rodriguez-Gonzalez et al. 2017). Despite of its significant role in weeds control, triazine herbicides have been prohibited in production and utilization in European Union and several developed countries. However, triazine herbicides are still widely used in most parts of the world (Jablonowski et al. 2009) and have attracted extensive concern due to environmental and health concern, such as the contamination of soil, surface water and groundwater Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-020-03049-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Xiaochun Wang [email protected] 1
College of Chemistry and Life Science, Anshan Normal University, Anshan 114016, People’s Republic of China
College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai Univeresity, Tianjin 300071, China
2
owing to its relatively high mobility (Moreno et al. 2018; Chen et al. 2018; Hvezdova et al. 2018; Scherr et al. 2017; Liu et al. 2017; Zou et al. 2016; Sassine et al. 2017; Barchanska et al. 2017) and po
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