Carbon investment into mobilization of mineral and organic phosphorus by arbuscular mycorrhiza
- PDF / 1,384,936 Bytes
- 18 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 86 Downloads / 192 Views
ORIGINAL PAPER
Carbon investment into mobilization of mineral and organic phosphorus by arbuscular mycorrhiza Alberto Andrino 1
&
Georg Guggenberger 1 & Leopold Sauheitl 1 & Stefan Burkart 2 & Jens Boy 1
Received: 9 April 2020 / Revised: 17 August 2020 / Accepted: 20 August 2020 # The Author(s) 2020
Abstract To overcome phosphorus (P) deficiency, about 80% of plant species establish symbiosis with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), which in return constitute a major sink of photosynthates. Information on whether plant carbon (C) allocation towards AMF increases with declining availability of the P source is limited. We offered orthophosphate (OP), apatite (AP), or phytic acid (PA) as the only P source available to arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) (Solanum lycopersicum x Rhizophagus irregularis) in a mesocosm experiment, where the fungi had exclusive access to each P source. After exposure, we determined P contents in the plant, related these to the overall C budget of the system, including the organic C (OC) contents, the respired CO2, the phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) 16:1ω5c (extraradical mycelium), and the neutral fatty acid (NLFA) 16:1ω5c (energy storage) at the fungal compartment. Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) plants incorporated P derived from the three P sources through the mycorrhizal pathway, but did this with differing C-P trading costs. The mobilization of PA and AP by the AM plant entailed larger mycelium infrastructure and significantly larger respiratory losses of CO2, in comparison with the utilization of the readily soluble OP. Our study thus suggests that AM plants invest larger C amounts into their fungal partners at lower P availability. This larger C flux to the AM fungi might also lead to larger soil organic C contents, in the course of forming larger AM biomass under P-limiting conditions. Keywords Apatite . Organic phosphorus . Phytate . Inorganic phosphorus . Arbuscular mycorrhiza . PLFA 16:1ω5c . NLFA 16:1ω5c . Photosynthesis . Stable carbon isotopes
Introduction Phosphorus is the most limiting nutrient for plant growth after nitrogen (N), especially in soils from tropical ecosystems, where secondary minerals immobilize P (Johnston et al. 2019). As a consequence, almost 80% of plant species establish symbiotic associations with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) (Smith and Read 2008). This symbiotic relationship, being several hundreds of million years old (Lambers et al. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-020-01505-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Alberto Andrino [email protected] 1
Institute of Soil Science, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Herrenhäuser Straße 2, 30419 Hannover, Germany
2
Institute of Climate Smart Agriculture, Thünen-Institut, Bundesallee 65, 38116 Braunschweig, Germany
2009), explores a large volume of soil and does this at a lower cost as compared with roots. Such low-cost modes of P acquisition are expected to be favored by natural selection and d
Data Loading...
