Large-size carbon-coated SnO 2 composite as improved anode material for lithium ion batteries
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Large-size carbon-coated SnO2 composite as improved anode material for lithium ion batteries Wenhe Xie 1 & Wenjie Wang 1 & Zijun Xu 1 & Wenrui Zheng 1 & Hongwei Yue 2 & Chunlei Wang 3 & Chao Zhang 3 & Haibin Sun 3 Received: 18 July 2020 / Revised: 16 August 2020 / Accepted: 30 August 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract SnO2 microbelt coating carbon composite was fabricated via electrospinning precursor, thermal treatment, and polymer adhesion process. Primarily, the solvent of electrospinning jet quickly evaporates in a relatively high-temperature environment; intermediate microtubules simultaneously form when the solute containing tin salt and binder converge on the skin of the jet; then, the microtubules collapse into flat microbelt product under the action of atmospheric pressure. Subsequently, SnO2 microbelts can be obtained by annealing the electrospinning products. Finally, the SnO2@C microbelts are synthesized by dopamine polymerization and carbonization process. The SnO2@C microbelts present a regular strip with width ~ 1.2 μm and thickness ~ 120 nm. Because of the synergy effect of carbon coating and SnO2 microbelt design project, the composite shows superior lithium storage of 504 mAh g-1 after 100 cycles at 0.2 A g-1. The SnO2@C microbelts are expected to be competitive alternative anode material of next-generation LIBs. Keywords Electrospinning . SnO2@C composite . Polydopamine . Anode
Introduction Lithium ion batteries (LIBs) are becoming increasingly popular because of their superior electrochemical performance, such as low self-discharge, high energy density, and high reliability [1–11]. Nevertheless, the current commercial graphite anode has a low theoretical capacity (372 mAh g-1) and unsafe Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-020-03764-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Wenhe Xie [email protected] * Haibin Sun [email protected] 1
Key Laboratory of Microelectronics and Energy of Henan Province, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, People’s Republic of China
2
Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Materials for Energy Storage and Conversion of Henan Province and College of Adv. Mater. and Energy, Xuchang University, Henan 461000, China
3
Energy-Saving Building Materials Innovative Collaboration Center of Henan Province, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, People’s Republic of China
working potential; these inherent drawbacks greatly hinder the further improvement of energy and power. As expected, it is quite desired to seek for advanced electrode materials to satisfy the growing energy storage market [12–20]. Among the numerous alternative anode materials [21–26], SnO2 has been widely concerned relying on its high theoretical capacity (782 mAh g-1), suitable potential, and high abundance [27–31]. However, SnO2 electrode suffers dramatic volume strain (more than 300%) in the electrochemical charging/discharging process, resu
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