Cardioprotective properties of leptin in patients with excessive body mass
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Cardioprotective properties of leptin in patients with excessive body mass Aleksandra Paduszyńska 1 & Agata Sakowicz 2 & Maciej Banach 1,3 & Marek Maciejewski 3 & Marek Dąbrowa 4 & Agata Bielecka-Dąbrowa 1,3 Received: 11 January 2020 / Accepted: 11 March 2020 # The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Background Adipose tissue is producing adipokines that play different roles in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease. Aims The study aimed to assess the role of selected biomarkers in hypertensive patients with overweight and obesity compared with those with normal body-mass index (BMI). Methods A total of 62 patients with BMI < 25 kg/m2 (median age 54 (46–58) yrs., 57% males) and 51 with BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 (median age 53 (48–59) yrs., 37% males) were enrolled. Biochemical parameters, leptin, adiponectin, and resistin; asymmetric dimethylarginine; interleukin 6; and N-terminal propeptide of type III procollagen, were assessed in plasma. The evaluation of hemodynamic parameters was performed using SphygmoCor 9.0 tonometer. Echocardiography was performed using AlokaAlpha 10 Premier device. Results Overweight and obese patients had significantly higher concentration of leptin (34 vs 18 ng/ml; p = 0.03), ADMA (0.43 vs 0.38 μmol/l, p = 0.04), and lower concentration of adiponectin (5.3 vs 7 μg/ml, p = 0.01). The only significant difference in tonometry analysis was higher aortic pulse pressure (mmHg) in patients with BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 group (34 vs 30; p = 0.03). These patients had also significantly lower peak systolic velocity and early diastolic velocity in tissue Doppler imaging of the right ventricle free wall at the level of the tricuspid annulus compared with controls (p = 0.02 and p = 0.001, respectively). The level of leptin is correlated negatively with the left ventricular mass index (LVMI) (R Spearman = − 0.5; p = 0.002) and PWV (R = − 0.4; p = 0.01) and ADMA with total and LDL cholesterol (R = − 0.42; p = 0.008), and adiponectin is correlated positively with HDL cholesterol (R = 0.67; p = 0.0001). Conclusions Leptin concentrations were inversely proportional to LVMI and PWV in patients with BMI < 25 kg/m2. Trial registration Clinicaltrials.gov study ID: NCT04175080. Keywords Adipokines . Hypertrophy . Left ventricular remodeling . Leptin
Introduction * Agata Bielecka-Dąbrowa [email protected] 1
Department of Hypertension, Chair of Nephrology and Hypertension, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
2
Department of Medical Biotechnology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
3
Department of Cardiology and Congenital Diseases of Adults, Polish Mother’s Memorial Hospital Research Institute (PMMHRI), Lodz, Poland
4
Department of Biopharmacy, Chair of Biopharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
Excessive body mass is the increasing health problem all over the world. The analysis of data collected between 1990 and 2015 revealed that cardiovascular disease was the major cause of deaths related to high body-mass index (BMI) [1]. It is the result of different changes caused by the ex
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