Chain Routing for Convergecast Small Scale Wireless Sensor Networks
Wireless sensor networks have many applications involving autonomous sensors transmitting their data to a sink placed in the network. A protocol by name Chain Routing for Convergecast Small Scale (CRCSS) Wireless sensor networks is proposed in this paper.
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Department of Computer Science and Engineering University Visvesvaraya College of Engineering, Bangalore, India 2 Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India [email protected]
Abstract. Wireless sensor networks have many applications involving autonomous sensors transmitting their data to a sink placed in the network. A protocol by name Chain Routing for Convergecast Small Scale (CRCSS) Wireless sensor networks is proposed in this paper. The set of sensor nodes in the network send the data periodically to the sink located in the area of interest. The nodes who cannot reach sink in one hop choose one of the neighbours for forwarding the data to the sink by forming a chain of links. The selection of forwarding node and the waiting period before forwarding plays an important role in the protocol. The proposed CRCSS protocol exhibits improvement in energy spent per packet and latency per packet for a wireless sensor network as compared to ConverSS protocol for small scale wireless sensor networks. In CRCSS protocol energy spent per packet is independent of the network radius. Keywords: Communication System, Convergecast Routing, Energy, Latency, Multi-hop Networks.
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Introduction
Wireless sensor network is a collection of sensor nodes deployed to monitor an area of interest in the environment. The nodes in the sensor network sense a parameter of interest in the network and report it to the base station or the sink located in the network. The nodes can be homogeneous or heterogeneous in terms of transmission range, initial energy stored, mobility, etc. The nodes are connected to the sink through a single hop or more than one hop through intermediate nodes. The routes formed prior to the start of packet communication from the sensor node to the sink are called static routes. Dynamic routes between the source and the sink are the routes that are formed as and when an intermediate route is reached. Two types of links between the sensor nodes are possible. In symmetric links the transmission power and receive threshold are same in both direction of the data flow between any two sensor nodes. Transmission power and receive threshold vary in case of asymmetric nodes. G. Martínez Pérez et al. (Eds.): SNDS 2014, CCIS 420, pp. 127–138, 2014. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2014
128 C.R. Yamuna Devi et al.
Wireless sensor networks find applications in many fields of human life. Initially wireless sensor networks were used in the Military fields for surveillance application. Now wireless sensor networks find applications in field such as intruder detection in any restricted area, weather monitoring, health monitoring, etc. Automobile industry is another area where wireless sensor networks are used for tracking of vehicles and as an information system. It is possible for a bus passenger to know the location of the bus he is waiting for and to know whether he can get a seat in the bus or not when he gets into the bus in his stop. The network size and network area depends on the type of application of the wireless
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