Chemical composition, antibacterial and antifungal activities of Thymus leptobotrys Murb essential oil
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Chemical composition, antibacterial and antifungal activities of Thymus leptobotrys Murb essential oil Asmaa Oubihi1 · Imane Ouryemchi1 · Issmail Nounah2 · Kelthoum Tarfaoui1 · Hicham Harhar3 · Mohammed Ouhssine1 · Zineb Guessous1 Received: 28 September 2019 / Accepted: 19 July 2020 © Institute of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University 2020
Abstract The objective of this work is to study the chemical composition of Thymus leptobotrys Murb essential oil and its antimicrobial properties on ten bacteria and three yeasts. The essential oil is extracted by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The active substances are monoterpenic alcohols, mainly carvacrol (73.68%), and monoterpenic hydrocarbons: p-cymene (8.68%) and γ-terpinene (4.14%). The antibacterial and antifungal activity determined by disc diffusion method reveals an inhibitory effect of the essential oil on all studied strains, the potential for inhibition being greater than the reference antibiotics (Ciprofloxacin and Amoxicillin). Keywords Thymus leptobotrys Murb · Essential oil · Chemical composition · Antimicrobial activity · Antifungal activity
Introduction The spread of microbial resistance around the world is one of the most serious threats to public health (SolórzanoSantos and Miranda-Novales 2012). The need to identify new natural antimicrobial agents is an important focus of research at the global level. The exploitation of natural resources appears to be one of the most promising because they constitute, by virtue of their biodiversity, the largest reserve of active substances (El Amri et al. 2014). Thyme L. (Lamiaceae) species are perennial, aromatic herbs, widely used in the Mediterranean basin (Ismaili et al. 2004). In Morocco, the genus Thymus known locally as “Zaitra” in Arabic and “Azoukni” in Berber is represented by 21 species, 13 of which are endemic (El Alalaoui Faris et al. * Hicham Harhar [email protected] 1
Laboratory of Agro‑Physiology, Biotechnology, Environment and Quality, Faculty of Sciences, University Ibn Tofail, Kenitra, Morocco
2
Laboratory of Plant Chemistry and Organic and Bioorganic Synthesis, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, BP 1014, Rabat, Morocco
3
Laboratory of Nanotechnology, Materials and Environment, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mohammed V University in Rabat, BP 1014 Rabat, Morocco
1999), Thymus leptobotrys Murb being one of the endemic species in southern Morocco. Traditional medicine has used Thymus powders, infusions and decoctions as popular remedies to treat many conditions, including whooping cough, rheumatism, bronchitis and indigestion (Bellakhdar 2006; Alaoui Jamali et al. 2014). Thyme essential oils is also known for having antimicrobial, insecticidal, antiviral and antioxidant properties linked to the high content of phenolic compounds such as thymol and carvacrol (Amarti et al. 2011; Jamali et al. 2013). The present study aims to study the chemical composition of Thymus leptob
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