Chronic exposure to ambient particulate matter induces gut microbial dysbiosis in a rat COPD model
- PDF / 3,981,151 Bytes
- 10 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 47 Downloads / 172 Views
RESEARCH
Open Access
Chronic exposure to ambient particulate matter induces gut microbial dysbiosis in a rat COPD model Naijian Li1†, Zhaowei Yang1†, Baoling Liao2, Tianhui Pan3, Jinding Pu4, Binwei Hao3, Zhenli Fu3, Weitao Cao3, Yuming Zhou3, Fang He5, Bing Li6 and Pixin Ran3*
Abstract Background: The role of the microbiota in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) following exposure to ambient particulate matter (PM) is largely unknown. Methods: Fifty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to clean air, biomass fuel (BMF), or motor vehicle exhaust (MVE) for 4, 12, and 24 weeks. We performed pulmonary inflammation evaluation, morphometric measurements, and lung function analysis in rat lung at three different times points during exposure. Lung and gut microbial composition was assessed by 16S rRNA pyrosequencing. Serum lipopolysaccharide levels were measured and short-chain fatty acids in colon contents were quantified. Results: After a 24-week PM exposure, rats exhibited pulmonary inflammation and pathological changes characteristic of COPD. The control and PM exposure (BMF and MVE) groups showed similar microbial diversity and composition in rat lung. However, the gut microbiota after 24 weeks PM exposure was characterized by decreased microbial richness and diversity, distinct overall microbial composition, lower levels of short-chain fatty acids, and higher serum lipopolysaccharide. Conclusion: Chronic exposure to ambient particulate matter induces gut microbial dysbiosis and metabolite shifts in a rat model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Keywords: Biomass fuel, Motor vehicle exhaust, COPD, Gut microbiome
Introduction Air pollution is a primary environmental cause of chronic respiratory diseases [1, 2]. Industrial activities, vehicular emissions, and household biomass combustion are major sources of ambient particulate matter (PM) [2]. Incomplete combustion of biomass fuel and living in proximity to traffic have been associated with a high * Correspondence: [email protected] † Naijian Li and Zhaowei Yang contributed equally to this work. 3 State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, P.R. China Full list of author information is available at the end of the article
prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) [3, 4], while reductions in ambient PM have been shown to decrease the risk of COPD [5]. Therefore, it is important to elucidate the mechanism of ambient PM-induced COPD. In a previous study, we established a rat COPD model via chronic exposure to biomass fuel (BMF) and motor vehicle exhaust (MVE), which can be used to investigate COPD in non-smokers [6]. We found that both BMF and MVE chronic exposure induced airway cells to secrete cytokines that develop pronounced COPD in rats, but its mechanisms are largely unknown. Over the past few years, research of PM has mos
Data Loading...
