Clinical characteristics, laboratory outcome characteristics, comorbidities, and complications of related COVID-19 decea
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REVIEW
Clinical characteristics, laboratory outcome characteristics, comorbidities, and complications of related COVID‑19 deceased: a systematic review and meta‑analysis Peishan Qiu1,2 · Yunjiao Zhou1,2 · Fan Wang1,2 · Haizhou Wang1,2 · Meng Zhang1,2 · Xingfei Pan3 · Qiu Zhao1,2 · Jing Liu1,2 Received: 9 May 2020 / Accepted: 17 July 2020 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract Background At present, novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a serious global public health problem. The current meta-analysis aimed to find risk factors for the COVID-19-related death, helping to enhance the efficacy and reduce the mortality of COVID-19. Methods We searched PubMed, Embase, medRxiv, and Cochrane Library for articles published between January 1, 2020, and April 13, 2020. We statistically analyzed the risk factors of the COVID-19 deceased with meta-analysis. Results A total of 2401 patients in 15 articles were included in this study. Meta-analysis showed that 66.6% of COVID-19 deceased were male, with a median age of 69.9 years. Common symptoms of deceased included fever (70.6–100%), dyspnea (38.89–85.7%), cough (22.4–78%), and fatigue (22–61.9%). The incidence of hypertension, chronic cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and chronic cerebrovascular disease among the COVID-19 deceased were 38.56% (95% confidence interval (CI) 25.84 ~ 52.12%), 17.54% (95% CI 13.38 ~ 21.69%), 22.2% (95% CI 19.30 ~ 25.10%), and 15.58% (95% CI 10.05 ~ 21.12%), respectively. Compared with the surviving COVID-19 patients, the deceased had lower platelet levels (mean difference (MD) = − 39.35, 95% CI − 55.78 ~ − 22.93) and higher C-reactive protein (CRP) (MD = 80.85, 95% CI 62.53 ~ 99.18) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (MD = 246.65, 95% CI 157.43 ~ 335.88) at admission. The most common complications of the deceased were acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) (OR = 100.36, 95% CI 64.44 ~ 156.32) and shock (OR = 96.60, 95% CI 23.80 ~ 392.14). Conclusion Most of the COVID-19 deceased were elderly males. Fever, dyspnea, dry cough, fatigue, hypertension, chronic cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, diabetes, and laboratory examinations showed low levels of platelet content, increased CRP and LDH were associated with the risk of dying. ARDS and shock were risk factors for death in COVID-19 patients. Keywords Death · COVID-19 · Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 · Meta-analysis
Introduction
Peishan Qiu, Yunjiao Zhou and Fan Wang contributed equally to this work. * Xingfei Pan [email protected] * Qiu Zhao [email protected] * Jing Liu [email protected] Extended author information available on the last page of the article
Since the outbreak of the new coronavirus (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 [SARS-CoV-2], formerly known as 2019-nCoV) in December 2019 in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China [1–3], confirmed cases have appeared in countries around the world. Genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis show that SARS-CoV-2 is a new type of human-infected β-coronavirus. Bats are presumed to be
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