Clinical, epidemiological, and laboratory characteristics of mild-to-moderate COVID-19 patients in Saudi Arabia: an obse
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uropean Journal of Medical Research Open Access
RESEARCH
Clinical, epidemiological, and laboratory characteristics of mild‑to‑moderate COVID‑19 patients in Saudi Arabia: an observational cohort study Abbas Al Mutair1,2 , Saad Alhumaid4* , Waad N. Alhuqbani1,3, Abdul Rehman Z. Zaidi1,5 , Safug Alkoraisi6, Maha F. Al‑Subaie1,5, Alanoud M. AlHindi3, Ahmed K. Abogosh3, Aljwhara K. Alrasheed3, Aya A. Alsharafi3, Mohammed N. Alhuqbani3, Njoud A. Alhowar5, Samer Salih1, Mogbil A. Alhedaithy1, Jaffar A. Al‑Tawfiq7,8,9, Haifa Al‑Shammari10, Rayid Abdulqawi1,2, Alaa F. Ismail1, Noura Hamdan1, Fares Saad1, Fahad A. Olhaye11, Tarig A. Eltahir11, Ali A. Rabaan12 and Awad Al‑Omari1,5
Abstract Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) emerged from China in Decem‑ ber 2019 and has presented as a substantial and serious threat to global health. We aimed to describe the clinical, epidemiological, and laboratory findings of patients in Saudi Arabia infected with SARS-CoV-2 to direct us in helping prevent and treat coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) across Saudi Arabia and around the world. Materials and methods: Clinical, epidemiological, laboratory, and radiological characteristics, treatment, and out‑ comes of pediatric and adult patients in five hospitals in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, were surveyed in this study. Results: 401 patients (mean age 38.16 ± 13.43 years) were identified to be SARS-CoV-2 positive and 80% of cases were male. 160 patients had moderate severity and 241 were mild in severity. The most common signs and symptoms at presentation were cough, fever, fatigue, and shortness of breath. Neutrophil and lymphocyte counts, aspartate aminotransferase, C-reactive protein, and ferritin were higher in the COVID-19 moderate severity patient group. Mild severity patients spent a shorter duration hospitalized and had slightly higher percentages of abnormal CT scans and X-ray imaging. Conclusions: This study provides an understanding of the features of non-ICU COVID-19 patients in Saudi Arabia. Further national collaborative studies are needed to streamline screening and treatment procedures for COVID-19. Keywords: COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Symptoms, Comorbidities, Saudi Arabia, Epidemiology
*Correspondence: [email protected] 4 Administration of Pharmaceutical Care, Alahsa, Ministry of Health, Rashdiah Street, P. O. Box 12944, Alahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia Full list of author information is available at the end of the article
Background In late 2019, a few unidentified pneumonia patients were found to have a formerly unfamiliar infection of a subcoronavirus, that was labeled 2019-novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) [1]. This was later labeled by the World Health Organization (WHO) as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the disease was branded coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) [2].
© The Author(s) 2020. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any m
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