Clinicopathological features of esophageal schwannomas in mainland China: systematic review of the literature
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REVIEW ARTICLE
Clinicopathological features of esophageal schwannomas in mainland China: systematic review of the literature Zi‑ye Gao1 · Xiao‑Bo Liu2 · Sandeep Pandey2,3 · Bo Gao4 · Ping Liu5 · Qing‑hui Zhang2 · Yuan‑Jun Gao2 · Sheng‑Bao Li2 Received: 26 December 2019 / Accepted: 9 October 2020 © Japan Society of Clinical Oncology 2020
Abstract Objective Esophageal schwannoma (ES) are rare and mostly benign neurogenic tumors. The clinical misdiagnosis rate of it is high. In this study, the clinicopathologic features of ES in mainland China were studied to better understand the disease and improve the diagnosis and treatment rate. Methods A systematic review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. The keywords "esophageal schwannoma", "esophageal neurinoma" and "esophageal neurilemoma" were searched for databases such as Pubmed, EMbase, Wanfang Database and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure. The search time frame for database was until July 2019. Combined with our patient, the clinicopathological data and the diagnosis and treatment of ES were summarized. Results ES occurs in the upper part of the mediastinum and in the thoracic esophagus in most patients in the neck, upper and middle segments. CT and PET/CT examinations can be used for diagnosis, but the differentiation value of both benign and malignant ES is similar. The histopathological findings of forceps biopsy specimens are often difficult to diagnose, and deep tissue biopsies may increase pathological accuracy. EUS-FNA is also recommended for ES diagnosis, but it may also be misdiagnosed. Pathological features include a fusiform arrangement in a palisade-like structure or a tumor cell arranged in a network to form a loose structure. ES characteristic immunohistochemistry results showed that S-100 protein has strong immunological activity. Conclusion The definitive diagnosis requires immunohistochemistry, especially immunological reaction with S-100 protein. The appropriate treatment plan should be selected according to the diameter of the lesion. The overall prognosis of ES is good, but attention should be paid to follow-up. Keywords SMT · Esophageal schwannoma · Muscularis propria · Endoscopic surgery · S-100
Zi-ye Gao and Xiao-bo Liu equal contributors. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10147-020-01809-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Abbreviations ES Esophageal schwannoma EGD Esopghagogastroduodenoscopy EUS Endoscopic ultrasound MP Muscularis propria ESD Endoscopic submucosal dissection CT Computed tomography
* Yuan‑Jun Gao [email protected]
3
Post Graduate Department, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, Hubei, China
* Sheng‑Bao Li [email protected]
4
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, Hubei, China
5
Department of Pathology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, Hubei, China
1
Department of Onc
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