Comparative Assessment of Metal Bioaccumulation in Tilapia and Largemouth Bass from Three Dams of the Yaqui River
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Comparative Assessment of Metal Bioaccumulation in Tilapia and Largemouth Bass from Three Dams of the Yaqui River Ángel Martínez-Durazo 1 & Edgar Cruz-Acevedo 2 & Miguel Betancourt-Lozano 3 & Martin Enrique Jara-Marini 4 Received: 24 June 2020 / Accepted: 5 October 2020 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract In the present paper, we investigated the accumulation of six metals in tilapia (Oreochromis nilocticus) and largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) as indicators of the environmental pollution present at three constructed dams in the Yaqui River basin in Sonora, Mexico. The La Angostura (ANG), El Cajon de Onapa (ECO), and El Oviachic (OVI) dams are ecosystems under different degrees of anthropogenic stress. The collected fishes were dissected to obtain liver, gonad, stomach, gill, and muscle samples to determine the metal concentrations of Fe, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Cr. The results of a PERMANOVA showed that the concentrations of Fe, Cu, and Zn were significantly higher in tilapia liver, stomach, and gill tissues compared with those of the largemouth bass. Also, differences were detected between seasons, with the metal concentrations during the dry season being significantly higher than those of the rainy season (p < 0.001). The results of a principal component analysis showed an association between metals, tissues, and dams with significantly higher (p < 0.001) concentrations in tilapia from the ECO dam compared with those from the ANG and OVI dams. The general distribution of metals in the tissues was as follows: liver > stomach-gills > gonads > muscle. Variations in metal concentrations may be indicative of the different sources of anthropogenic stress in each ecosystem. Keywords Yaqui River . Environmental pollution . Tilapia . Largemouth bass . Metal
Introduction Aquatic ecosystems are subjected to a wide range of pollution sources associated with activities such as tourism, mining, intensive agriculture, and aquaculture. Among contaminants,
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-020-02425-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Martin Enrique Jara-Marini [email protected] 1
Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, Unidad Hermosillo, Carretera Gustavo Astiazarán Rosas 46, Colonia La Victoria, Hermosillo 83304, Sonora, México
2
CONACyT Postdoctoral Research Fellowship, Universidad del Mar, Campus Puerto Ángel, 70902 Oaxaca, México
3
Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, Unidad Mazatlán, Sábalo Cerritos s/n, Estero del Yugo, Mazatlán 82010, Sinaloa, México
4
Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, Unidad Hermosillo, Carretera Gustavo Astiazarán Rosas 46, Colonia La Victoria, Hermosillo 83304, Sonora, México
metalloids are highly persistent that are transformed through biogeochemical cycles into different chemical species within the aquatic ecosystems and may be transferred through food webs. In the aquatic food webs, fishes
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