Conventional and innovative extraction methods applied on Calligonum azel Maire leaves and roots: a comparative study
- PDF / 1,007,456 Bytes
- 13 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 54 Downloads / 173 Views
ORIGINAL PAPER
Conventional and innovative extraction methods applied on Calligonum azel Maire leaves and roots: a comparative study Marwa Bannour1 · Ayda Khadhri1 · Petras Rimantas Venskutonis2 · Renata Baranauskiene2 · Dirk W. Lachenmeier3 Received: 28 August 2020 / Revised: 6 November 2020 / Accepted: 7 November 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Two extraction schemes, conventional and high-pressure extraction methods were applied on Calligonum azel Maire leaves and roots, with purpose to exploit this plant as a source of natural antioxidants. The total phenolic content (TPC), trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) of extracts, and solid materials were determined. Varying yields of active fractions were obtained by consecutive extractions with increasing polarity solvents. In the Soxhlet extraction, the highest antioxidant capacity values were obtained with methanol, while in the pressurized liquid extraction (PLE), the highest TEAC was recorded in acetone extracts for both materials. The changes of antioxidant indicators of solid plant materials during the extraction were studied by the so-called QUENCHER method (QU: quick, E: Easy, N: New, CHE: Cheap, and R: Reproducible). In this case, TPC varied in the range of 2.3–60.5 expressed in mg gallic acid equivalent per gram of dry weight of plant (mg GAE/g DWP), while radical scavenging capacity was 1.7–75.4 micromole Trolox equivalent per gram of dry weight of plant material (µmol TE/g DWP). All extracts were analysed by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry and the results showed thirteen compounds including flavonoids. The essential oils extracted by hydrodistillation, were screened by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and the results showed the presence of 82 and 55 compounds in C. azel leaves and roots, representing 97.6% and 83.4% of the oil, respectively, while in the supercritical fluid extraction using C O2, both materials showed 52 and 50 compounds, representing over 98.7% and 71.5% of the oil. Keywords Antioxidant capacity · Calligonum azel Maire · Essential oil · Pressurized liquid extraction · Supercritical fluid extraction Abbreviations PLE Pressurized liquid extraction DPPH 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl ABTS 2,2′-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline6-sulphonic acid) TPC Total phenolic content GA Gallic acid * Ayda Khadhri [email protected] 1
Unit of Research of Plant Ecology, University of El-Manar II, Faculty of Sciences, Campus Academia, 2092 Tunis, Tunisia
2
Department of Food Science and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilėnų pl. 19, LT‑50254 Kaunas, Lithuania
3
Chemisches und Veterinäruntersuchungsamt (CVUA) Karlsruhe, Weissenburger Strasse 3, 76187 Karlsruhe, Germany
DWE Dry weight of extract DWP Dry weight of plant RSC Radical scavenging capacity TEAC Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity QUENCHER QU: quick, E: Easy, N: New, CHE: Cheap and R: Reproducible PBS Phosphate buffer solution Na
Data Loading...
