Comparative study on the extraction of apigenin from parsley leaves ( Petroselinum crispum L.) by ultrasonic and microwa

  • PDF / 1,534,936 Bytes
  • 15 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
  • 80 Downloads / 160 Views

DOWNLOAD

REPORT


ORIGINAL PAPER

Comparative study on the extraction of apigenin from parsley leaves (Petroselinum crispum L.) by ultrasonic and microwave methods Fatemeh Poureini1 · Maedeh Mohammadi1 · Ghasem D. Najafpour1   · Maryam Nikzad1 Received: 19 January 2020 / Accepted: 16 May 2020 © Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences 2020

Abstract Apigenin is the bioactive component of parsley (Petroselinum crispum L.) with numerous therapeutic properties. In this study, microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) and ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) methods were used for the isolation of apigenin from parsley leaves. The effect of several factors on the extraction yield of apigenin was investigated. In UAE method, under the best extraction condition (extraction solvent: ethanol 80%, time: 30 min, solid-to-solvent ratio: 1:25, particle size: 0.25 mm, ultrasonic power: 90%, frequency: 80 kHz and temperature: 40 °C) an extraction yield of 9.48 ± 0.11 mg apigenin/g parsley was achieved, while in MAE method, the best extraction condition (extraction solvent: ethanol 80%, time: 2 min, solid-to-solvent ratio: 1:20, particle size: 0.105 mm and microwave power: 180 W) resulted in a yield of 7.90 ± 0.14 mg apigenin/g parsley. Referring to Soxhlet extraction as a control (time: 6 h; temperature: 70 °C and solid-to-solvent ratio: 1:50), an apigenin extraction efficiency of 51.22 and 42.68% was obtained using UAE and MAE, respectively. Significantly lower extraction time, solvent consumption, and extraction temperature in UAE and MAE compared to those of Soxhlet method demonstrate the high efficiency of the modern extraction approaches. The UV–Vis and FTIR analyses confirmed that the structure of apigenin remained intact after extraction and purification. The purity of apigenin in the extracted sample from parsley leaves was 86.45% as determined by HPLC analysis. Keywords  Apigenin · Parsley (Petroselinum crispum L.) · Microwave-assisted extraction · Ultrasonic-assisted extraction · Purification

Introduction Herbs and vegetables have long been utilized as the significant constituents of foods and traditional medicines. One of the herbaceous species known worldwide, either as food or medicinal plant, is parsley (Petroselinum crispum L.). Finely chopped parsley leaves and stems are used commonly as a flavoring in soups, sauces, stuffing, minces, rissoles, etc. (Chempakam et al. 2008). Beside food applications, parsley has been used for various medicinal purposes in folklore and traditional medicine of different countries (Karimi et al. 2012). Parsley leaves are known for numerous therapeutic activities; they are useful in diabetes (Bolkent et al. 2004), skin disease, hypertension, hepatotoxic, cardiac disease (Eddouks et al. 2002), renal disease, eczema, kidney stones, * Ghasem D. Najafpour [email protected] 1



Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol 47148, Iran

nose bleed, prostatitis, amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, halitosis, hypertension, anemia, constipation, baldness, odontalgy, and urinary