Cost-effective synthesis and characterization of CuO NPs as a nanosize adsorbent for As (III) remediation in synthetic a
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Cost-effective synthesis and characterization of CuO NPs as a nanosize adsorbent for As (III) remediation in synthetic arsenic-contaminated water Indrajeet Kumar 1 & Priya Ranjan 2 & Abdur Rahman Quaff 2 Received: 1 April 2020 / Accepted: 3 September 2020 # Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract The lower concentration of arsenic in the groundwater is serious health concerns of the people who are continuously taking from their drinking water. In this study, synthetic arsenic-contaminated water was prepared in the laboratory with varying concentrations of arsenic (100 to 1000 μg/L) and treated by nanosize adsorbent (copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs)). The colloidal and powder form of CuO NPs were synthesized in the laboratory by the hydrothermal technique on a large scale and their shape and size were confirmed by XRD, FTIR, FESEM, and HRTEM analysis. It was found 30 ± 2 nm as size and spherical shape. The equilibrium adsorption of As (III) occurred at 90 min of contact time, pH 7.5, and 4 g/L adsorbent dosage. The maximum percent removal of As (III) was reached to 97.8, 94.6, 91.5, and 88.4% at an initial arsenic concentration of 100, 200, 500, and 1000 μg/L, respectively. The adsorption of As (III) followed pseudo-second-order kinetic and Freundlich isotherm model. Moreover, the overall cost of the synthesized CuO NPs (including material, operational, manpower, and transport cost with other overhead charges) was Rs. 281.832 g−1, which is lesser than the market price (Rs. 500.018 g−1). Hence, the optimized adsorption design would help for the efficient removal of As (III) from aqueous medium. Keywords Arsenic . CuO NPs . Synthetic water . Adsorption
Introduction In the northern part of India, naturally, arsenic-contaminated groundwater has a serious public health concern in different parts of Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Assam, and West Bengal [1]. Since the last two to three decades, arsenic contamination in water resources has been occurred due to the rapid growth of industrial and agricultural activities which caused human and animal health and global environmental problems [2]. The long term consumption of arsenic-contaminated drinking water increases the risk of cardiovascular, respiratory, neurological, and reproductive diseases [3–5] which further follows as skin, lung, and bladder cancer [5–7]. In India, the presence of
* Indrajeet Kumar [email protected]; [email protected] 1
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
2
Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Patna, Patna 800005, India
arsenic concentration in the groundwater was first recorded in the West Bengal region in the year of 1978, which exceeded the WHO permissible limit (10 μg/L) and the first case of arsenic poisoned human being was diagnosed in 1983 [8]. In natural water sources, inorganic arsenic occurred in the forms of hydrogen arsenate (H3AsO4) and arsenic acid (H3AsO3) which further produces arsenate
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